基于夜间灯光数据的西兰高速铁路站点区域经济影响分析

Analysis of Regional Economic Impact of High Speed Railway Station Based on Night Light Data:A Case Study of Xi’an-Lanzhou High Speed Railway

高速铁路的发展带动了沿线区域经济的飞速增长,夜光遥感数据相比传统统计数据具有客观性、地理空间特性和易获取等特点,能够有效衡量高速铁路沿线区域经济表现。以西兰高速铁路(西安—兰州)为例,基于夜间灯光数据分析其沿线高铁站的区域经济影响。利用整合夜间灯光数据和站点区位,通过距离圈层法将高铁站点按等级分类,分析高铁站区域的虹吸效应和集聚效应,以及高铁站点与城市中心对高铁站区域经济影响的差异。结果表明:高铁站点与城市中心均对高铁站区域有经济带动作用,且不同区位等级的高铁站点对高铁站区域的经济影响存在异质性,高铁站点对站区经济的负梯度效应与高铁站点的区位等级呈正比,城市中心的负梯度效应与高铁站点的区位等级呈反比。

High speed railway development has led to the rapid growth of the regional economy along its routes.Compared with traditional statistical data,nighttime light remote sensing data has characteristics of objectivity,geographical spatiality,and ease of access.Consequently,it serves as an effective metric for assessing regional economic performance along high speed railway corridors.This paper used Xi’an-Lanzhou High Speed Railway as a case to analyze the regional economic impact of high speed railway stations along the route using nighttime light remote sensing data.By integrating nighttime light data and station locations,the paper classified the stations according to the distance circle method.Additionally,it analyzed the siphon effect and agglomeration effect of the high speed railway station areas,as well as the difference in the economic impact on high speed railway station areas between the stations and urban centers.The results show that both high speed railway stations and city centers contribute to the economic development of the high speed railway station area.Furthermore,the economic impact of high speed rail stations varies depending on their location levels,exhibiting heterogeneity.The negative gradient effect of high speed railway stations on the station economy is positively correlated with the station’s location level,while the negative gradient effect of city centers is inversely proportional to the station’s location level.