高职教育产教融合治理机制改革探析

Analysis of Reforming the Governance Mechanism of Vocational Education⁃Industry Integration in Higher Vocational Education

新中国成立以来,高职教育产教融合治理从政府行政化指令治理向以政府为中心和运用市场手段混合治理的模式转变。以政府为中心的治理具有资源丰富、节约成本、保障质量和满足长远利益与公共利益的优势,但也存在着偏离现实需求、协同困难、政府部门定位模糊、产教协同困难和对企业行政影响力弱等问题。市场手段治理具有快速应对需求、优化资源利用、权责明确和减轻政府负担的优势,但也存在着忽视公共利益与长远利益、不利于市场公平竞争、其他企业搭便车以及滞后性等问题。最后,提出了以市场需求为导向,从治理走向服务,创新部门协同方式,提升企业和学生积极性,分类解决问题和注重教育公平等对策建议。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,the governance of vocational education⁃industry integration in higher vocational education has shifted from government⁃administered directive governance to a model centered around the government and utilizing a mix of market mechanisms.Government⁃centered governance has advantages such as abundant resources,cost savings,quality assurance,and meeting long⁃term and public interests.However,it also faces challenges like deviating from real needs,difficulties in coordination,vague positioning of government departments,and weak administrative influence on enterprises.Market⁃based governance offers advantages such as rapid response to demands,optimizing resource utilization,clear delineation of responsibilities,and reducing the government's burden.Yet,it also brings issues like neglecting public and long⁃term interests,unfair competition,and free⁃riding by enterprises.In conclusion,it is proposed to orient governance towards market demands,transition from governance to service,innovate collaborative methods among departments,enhance the enthusiasm of enterprises and students,address issues categorically,and focus on educational equity.