历史文化特色街区游客景观视觉感知及其情感体验——以呼和浩特市大召历史文化街区为例

Visual perception and emotional experience of tourist towards the landscape of historical and cultural blocks:Case of Dazhao in Hohhot

旅游流动语境下,历史文化特色街区已演化为具有多重意义的文化复合体,是多元文化交融的重要场域。游客多元文化景观感知对历史文化街区情感体验具有重要影响。基于“认知-情感-行为”理论,以呼和浩特市大召历史文化街区为案例地,依托眼动实验和访谈文本材料,运用扎根理论、TF-IDF算法,探索游客“认知-情感-行为”的心理变化机制。研究发现:游客对大召历史文化街区景观感知分为建筑景观、艺术景观、生活景观、人像景观、公共景观5种类型,其中,建筑景观和艺术景观是被试者眼动凝视的焦点;游客对不同景观类型的情感体验呈现出“正”“负”交织的复杂态势,但正向情感始终占据主导地位,大召寺、塞上老街、通顺大巷和阿拉坦汗广场是游客视觉凝视与情感表达的双核心区;游客对景观的视觉凝视与情感体验遵循“视觉-情感-行为”逻辑框架,实现了由浅入深的旅游体验意义建构。结论拓宽了人地情感研究的方法边界,并为城市情感空间的认知、生产和利用提供了参考。

In the context of tourism mobility,historical and cultural blocks have evolved into cultural complexes with multiple meanings,which is an important field for the integration of diverse cultures.Tourists'perception of multicultural landscape has a significant influence on the emotional experience of historical and cultural blocks.Based on the theory of"cognition-emotion-behavior",taking Dazhao historical and cultural block in Hohhot as a case,relying on eye movement experiments and interview text materials,this paper explores the psychological change mechanism of tourists'"cognition-emotion-behavior"by using grounded theory and TF-IDF algorithm.It is found that tourists'perception of landscape of Dazhao historical and cultural block can be divided into five types:architectural landscape,artistic landscape,living landscape,portrait landscape and public landscape.Among which architectural landscape and artistic landscape are the focus of eye movement gaze for participants.Tourists'emotional experience towards different landscape types presents a complex situation of"positive"and"negative"interweaving,but positive emotions always dominate.Dazhao Temple,Saishang Old Street,Tongshun Alley and alatan Khan Square are the dual core areas for tourists'visual gaze and emotional expression.Tourists'visual gaze and emotional experience towards the landscape follow the logical framework of"vision-emotion-behavior",and realize the construction of the meaning of tourism experience from the shallow to the deep.The research conclusion broadens the method boundary for research of man-land emotion,and provides reference for the cognition,production and utilization of urban emotional space.