考虑疲劳度优化的变速传动机构优化设计

Optimization Design of Automotive Transmission Mechanism Considering Fatigue Optimization

汽车在高速、高负荷的运行环境下,变速传动机构的零部件面临着严重的疲劳问题,导致零部件的磨损加剧,使其材料产生疲劳裂纹,进而影响汽车的性能和寿命。为了提高汽车变速传动系统的可靠性、耐久性和安全性,提出考虑疲劳度优化的汽车变速传动机构优化设计。首先,建立汽车变速传动机构的运动学模型,在此基础上分离机构中的各部件,展开动力学范围内的疲劳度分析,为变速传动机构优化提供理论依据;其次,将汽车变速传动机构的整体疲劳可靠度作为优化目标,设计优化变量,建立汽车变速传动机构优化目标函数;最后,针对粒子群算法中存在的不足,引入遗传算法对其展开优化,利用改进后的算法获取汽车变速传动机构优化目标函数的最优解,实现优化设计。实验结果表明:所提方法可有效降低变速传动机构的油耗率,提高了传动机构的百公里加速性能、起步性能和换挡性能。基于此,建议加强基础研究,推广先进技术和方法,以推动汽车变速传动机构技术的不断进步,为汽车工业发展提供更高效、可靠、经济的解决方案。

In high-speed and high load operating environments,the components of the transmission mechanism of automobiles encounter serious fatigue issues,leading to increased wear of the components and fatigue cracks in the materials,which in turn affects the performance and lifespan of automobiles.In order to improve the reliability,durability,and safety of automotive transmission systems,an optimized design of automotive transmission mechanisms considering fatigue optimization is proposed.Firstly,a kinematic model of the automotive transmission mechanism is established.Various components in the mechanism are separated to conduct fatigue analysis within the dynamic range,providing a theoretical basis for optimizing the transmission mechanism.Secondly,taking the overall fatigue reliability of the automotive transmission mechanism as the optimization objective,optimization variables are designed,and an optimization objective function is established for the automotive transmission mechanism.Finally,a particle swarm optimization algorithm,improved with genetic algorithm,is used to obtain the optimal solution of the optimization objective function,achieving optimization design.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the fuel consumption rate of the variable speed transmission mechanism,improve the zero-100 KPH acceleration performance,the starting performance and the shifting performance of the transmission mechanism.