山药产地加工本草考证和现代研究进展

Materia Medica Textual Research and Modern Research Progress on Origin Processing of Shanyao(Dioscorea Rhizoma)

山药为药食同源类大宗中药材品种,在我国使用历史悠久,在临床和日常保健中均有广泛应用。产地加工是山药品质形成的关键技术环节,不同产地加工方法对山药外观性状及内在质量等均有一定的影响。随着传统工艺发展和实践经验积累,山药产地加工技术愈发成熟,逐渐形成了具有特色的产地加工工艺。但由于山药品种、产地和用途差异性的影响,目前山药产地加工缺乏标准化指导,制约了山药规范化生产,亟需寻求科学合理的产地加工方法。为此,通过查阅历代本草古籍、历版《中华人民共和国药典》等记载,并结合现代文献研究,对山药产地加工技术进行梳理和归纳,以期为山药的规范化生产和深入研究提供参考。

Shanyao(Dioscorea Rhizoma,DR)is the dried rhizome of Shuyu(Dioscorea opposita Thunb.).As a material of traditional medicinal species and food,it has a long history of use in China.It is widely used in clinic and daily health care.Ori-gin processing is the key technical link on character and quality formation of DR,and different processing methods in the produc-tion area have a certain impact on the appearance and interior quality of DR.With the historical development and accumulation of practical experience,the processing technology of DR has become increasingly mature,and gradually formed unique technologies.However,due to the difference of varieties,origin and use of DR,there is a lack of standardized guidance for DR processing re-cently,which restricts the normalized production of DR and it is urgent to seek scientific and reasonable processing methods.To this end,the author combed and summarized the processing technologies of DR by referring to the ancient books of materia medica and Chinese Pharmacopoeia of many editions,and combined the research of modern literatures,providing reference for the stand-ardized production and in-depth study of DR.