HIV/AIDS患者感染新型冠状病毒发病特征及机制的研究进展

Research progress on the pathogenesis characteristics and mechanism of COVID-19 infection in HIV/AIDS patients

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情已成为21世纪波及范围最广,危害最严重的全球公共卫生事件。免疫功能紊乱是导致新型冠状病毒感染者疾病进展快、多器官功能障碍及死亡的主要原因。作为存在持续免疫损伤的特殊人群,HIV感染者呈现长期免疫活化、免疫耗竭、免疫衰老等免疫紊乱特征,其新型冠状病毒感染后的病程及损伤机制可能存在特异性。本文综述了HIV感染者新型冠状病毒感染的流行病学、临床病理学、病毒变异等特征,阐述了针对HIV感染者新冠治疗措施、疫苗有效性及特异性疫苗研发等方面的研究进展。

The novel coronavirus disease epidemic has become the most widespread and most harmful global public health event in the 21st century.Studies have shown that immune dysfunction is the leading cause of disease progression,multi-organ dysfunction and death in patients with novel coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2).As a special crowd with persistent immune damage,HIV-infected patients always present long-term immune activation,immune exhaustion,immunosenescence and other immune disorder characteristics.The course and the mechanism of patients with HIV may be specific during SARS-CoV-2 infection.This article reviews the epidemiology,clinicopathology and virus variation of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HIV-infected patients,and expounds the research progress in treatment measures for specific populations,vaccine effectiveness and specific vaccine development.