早产儿脐带脱落时间及其影响因素研究

Study on the time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infants and its influencing factors

目的:探究早产儿脐带脱落时间并分析其影响因素。方法:选择151例早产儿作为研究对象,观察并收集早产儿出生情况、早产儿在院情况和孕母情况三方面共33项相关因素进行单因素分析和多元线性回归分析。结果:早产儿脐带脱落时间为(15.17±6.11)d;单因素分析显示,早产儿出生体质量、胎龄、日龄、是否合并NRDS、抗生素使用时间、在暖箱时间、入箱温度、光疗时间、Apgar 1 min评分、孕母受教育程度,对早产儿脐带脱落时间的影响均有统计学意义(P<0.05~P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,早产儿脐带脱落时间与出生体质量呈负相关(P<0.01),与在暖箱内时间呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论:出生体质量和在暖箱内时间是早产儿脐带脱落时间的影响因素,脐带脱落延迟不仅会影响早产儿生长发育,还会增加感染风险,甚至危及生命。了解早产儿脐带脱落时间影响因素,可为早产儿护理、治疗提供重要依据。

Objective:To explore the time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infants,and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:The data of 151 premature infants were collected.The 33 related factors in preterm births,hospital condition and mother′s condition were investigated usng the univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results:The time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infants was(15.17±6.11)days.The results of single factor analysis showed that the differences of premature infants′birth weight,gestational age,age at birth,NRDS,duration of antibiotic use,length of time in incubator,temperature in incubator,duration of phototherapy,Apgar score of 1 minute,education level of pregnant mothers on the time of umbilical cord shedding were statistically significant(P<0.05 to P<0.01).The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infant was negatively correlated with birth weight(P<0.01),and positively correlated with length of stay in incubator(P<0.01).Conclusions:Birth weight and length of stay in incubator are the main factors that affect the time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infants.Delayed umbilical cord shedding will not only affect the growth and development of premature infants,but also increase the risk of infection and even endanger life.Understanding the factors affecting the time of umbilical cord shedding in premature infants can provide important basis for nursing and treatment of premature infants.