复合植物精油对乌金猪生长性能、免疫力及肠道消化酶活性的影响

Effects of complex plant essential oil on growth performance,immunity,and digestive enzyme activities of Wujin pigs

试验旨在探讨饲粮中添加复合植物精油对乌金猪生长性能、免疫功能及肠道消化酶活性的影响。选用体重相近的乌金猪120头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头乌金猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验组饲喂添加250、500、1000 mg/kg复合植物精油的饲粮。预试期1周,正式试验期30 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,饲喂500 mg/kg和1000 mg/kg的复合植物精油可以增加试验末重、平均日增重,降低料重比和腹泻率(P<0.05);饲喂500 mg/kg和1000 mg/kg的复合植物精油可以增加白细胞介素-4和白细胞介素-1β水平(P<0.05),降低肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6水平(P<0.05),增加血清中免疫球蛋白A水平(P<0.05),饲喂250、500、1000 mg/kg的复合植物精油可以升高血清白细胞介素-10、免疫球蛋白G含量(P<0.05);饲喂500 mg/kg的复合植物精油可以增强空肠胰蛋白酶、回肠胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶和十二指肠胰蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),饲喂250、500、1000 mg/kg的复合植物精油可以增强十二指肠淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性(P<0.05)。研究表明,复合植物精油可以改善乌金猪的生长性能,降低腹泻率,提高免疫功能及肠道消化酶活性,综合分析添加500 mg/kg复合植物精油较为适宜。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary complex plant essential oil supplementation on the growth performance,immune function,and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Wujin pigs.A total of 120 Wujin pigs with similar body weight were divided into four groups with three replicates per group and 10 Wujin pigs per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet of corn-soybean meal,while the experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 250,500,and 1000 mg/kg of a complex plant essential oil.The preliminary period lasted for one week,and the formal experimental period lasted for 30 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,feeding 500 mg/kg and 1,000 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil could increase the final body weight and average daily weight gain,and reduce the feed-to-weight ratio and diarrhea rate(P<0.05).Feeding 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil could increase the levels of interleukin-4 and interleukin-1β(P<0.05),and decrease the levels of tumor necrosis factor-αand interleukin-6(P<0.05),and increase the level of serum immunoglobulin A(P<0.05),feeding 250,500,and 1000 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil could increase the levels of serum interleukin-10 and immunoglobulin G(P<0.05).Feeding 500 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil could enhance the activity of intestinal trypsin,ileal trypsin,and lipase,and duodenal trypsin(P<0.05),and feeding 250,500,and 1000 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil could enhance the activity of duodenal amylase and lipase(P<0.05).The study suggests that the complex plant essential oil can improve the growth performance,reduce the diarrhea rate,enhance immune function,and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of Wujin pigs,and a comprehensive analysis indicates that the addition of 500 mg/kg of the complex plant essential oil is more appropriate.