牛至精油对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和屠宰性能的影响

Effects of oregano essential oil on growth performance,immune function,and slaughter performance of broilers

试验旨在研究牛至精油对沃德168肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能和屠宰性能的影响。试验选用1日龄沃德168肉鸡1000只,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复100只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加300 g/t牛至精油。试验期45 d。结果显示,与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡料重比显著下降(P<0.05),半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率均显著提高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著或极显著提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、丙二醛(MDA)含量显著或极显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与对照组相比,试验组肉鸡脾脏器官指数显著提高(P<0.05),法氏囊器官指数极显著提高(P<0.01)。研究表明,饲粮中添加300 g/t牛至精油可以提高肉鸡生长性能、免疫能力、抗氧化性能和屠宰性能。

The experiment aimed to study the effects of oregano essential oil on the growth performance,immune function,and slaughter performance of Ward 168 broilers.A total of 1000 one-day-old Ward 168 broilers were selected and randomly divided into two groups,with five replicates per group and 100 chickens per replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental group was fed the basic diet supplemented with 300 g/t of oregano essential oil.The trial period was 45 days.The results showed that compared to the control group,the feed-to-gain ratio of the experimental group broilers was significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the semi-eviscerated yield,fully eviscerated yield,breast muscle rate,and leg muscle rate were all significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared to the control group,the levels of serum IgA and IgM in the experimental group broilers,as well as the activities of GSH-Px,SOD,and T-AOC,were all significantly or extremely increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),while the levels of IL-1β,IFN-γ,and MDA were significantly or extremely reduced(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared to the control group,the organ index of the spleen in the experimental group broilers was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the organ index of the bursa of Fabricius was extremely increased(P<0.01).The study indicates that the addition of 300 g/t oregano essential oil to the diet can improve the growth performance,immune capacity,antioxidant performance,and slaughter performance of broilers.