同素逆序词“倍加”“加倍”历时演变研究——兼谈两者的异同

Research on the Evolution of the Inverse Morphemes Words"Beijia""Jiabei":the Similarities and Differences Between the Two

“倍加”与“加倍”是现代汉语中的一组语义相近的同素逆序副词。二者连用最早见于六朝,“加倍”是由动词“加”和量词“倍”构成的述宾短语,经语义泛化和高频使用,最终在明清完成副词词汇化。“倍加”最早是动词性偏正短语,它在句法环境及认知组块共同作用下,由短语词汇化为副词。两者作副词时在使用中存在个别差异:“倍加”倾向于修饰含积极义的谓词性成分,表数量增加或程度加深;“加倍”可与部分中性或稍带负面色彩的词语搭配,强调情感态度或行为。

"Beijia"and"Jiabei"are a group of semantically similar morpheme reverse adverbs in modern Chinese.They were first used in the Six Dynasties."Jiabei"is a phrase consisting of the verb Jia"and the quantifier"Bei".It was semantically generalized and used with high frequency,and it finally completed the lexicalization of adverbs in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The word"Beijia"was a verbal paratactic phrase,which was converted from phrasal verbs into adverbs.under the combined effect of the syntactic environment and cognitive blocks.There are individual differences in the use of the two adverbs:"Beijia"tends to modify predicative elements with positive meanings,indicating an increase in quantity or degree;"Jiabei"can be used with partially neutral or slightly negative words to emphasize emotional attitudes or behaviors.