乳腺癌骨转移研究进展

Research Progress of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancer

癌细胞转移是癌症患者死亡的主要原因。大部分患者在原发性肿瘤切除或治疗后的很长时间内,体内癌细胞仍会发生转移。在转移性乳腺癌中,骨骼是首个显示转移迹象的器官。由于骨内特殊的微环境,播散性肿瘤细胞(disseminated tumor cells,DTCs)有着很强的免疫逃逸能力和耐药性。了解DTCs与骨微环境之间的相互作用,以及调控DTCs发生继发性转移的关键调节因子,是骨转移病理生理学的核心。综述乳腺癌骨转移患者生存期、骨微环境变化以及骨转移进程的分子机制,讨论针对骨微环境的成分和相互作用机制的治疗方法,为乳腺癌骨转移的预防和治疗提供参考。

Metastasis of cancer cells accounts for the vast majority of cancer deaths.In many cases,tumor cells metastasize long after treatment or resection of the primary tumor.Bone has been reported to be the first organ with evidence of metastasis in breast cancer.Due to the special microenvironment in bone,disseminated tumor cells(DTCs)have strong immune escape and drug resistance.Therefore,understanding the interaction between DTCs and bone microenvironment,and the key factors regulating the occurrence of secondary metastasis of DTCs,is the core of pathophysiology of bone metastasis.This review presents an overview of the survival period for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis,the alterations in the bone microenvironment,and the molecular mechanisms driving the bone metastasis process.It explores therapeutic approaches focusing on the constituents and interaction mechanisms within the bone microenvironment,aiming to provide some valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis.