何以消除偏见:本科层次职业教育对职业教育社会印象的再建构

How to Eliminate Bias:Reconstructing the Social Impression of Undergraduate Vocational Education on Vocational Education

社会对职业教育存在较为明显的偏见,这对职业教育高质量发展产生了消极影响。从社会偏见的表征来看,社会公众认为职业教育在层次上“低人一等”、出路上“矮人一头”、声誉上“逊人一截”、心理上“弱人一度”。按照社会心理学的视角对这种偏见的成因加以分析,一是通过认知习得初步确立对职业教育的刻板印象,二是通过个体间的信息交互实现对偏见的确认和强化,三是通过情感反应固化了偏见,四是以行为选择的方式实现这种偏见的外现。本科层次职业教育的发展,为职业教育社会印象的再建构和偏见的消除提供了绝佳契机,接下来要通过发展高水平本科及以上层次职业教育完善职业教育体系,要通过优质职业本科院校和专业建设带动职业教育质量全面提升,要多部门合力推动法律法规和规划的全面准确落实,还要以职教本科品牌建设为重点全面实现职业教育的印象重塑和声誉治理。

For a long time,there has been a significant social prejudice against vocational education,which has a serious negative impact on the high-quality development of vocational education.From the perspective of the manifestations of this prejudice,it is believed that vocational education is inferior in status,shorter in prospects,less reputable,and weaker in mentality.This prejudice can be analyzed from the viewpoint of social psychology.First,through cognitive learning,a stereotype of vocational education is initially established.Second,through interpersonal information exchange,the prejudice is confirmed and reinforced.Third,through emotional reactions,the prejudice is solidified;and fourthly,through behavioral choices,this prejudice is externalized.The implementation of undergraduate-level vocational education provides an excellent opportunity to reconstruct the social impression of vocational education and eliminate prejudice.Subsequently,it is necessary to perfect the vocational education system by developing high-level undergraduate and above vocational education.Additionally,we need to comprehensively enhance the quality of vocational education by promoting the construction of high-quality vocational undergraduate institutions and specialties.Moreover,multiple departments should jointly push forward the comprehensive and accurate implementation of laws,regulations,and plans.Lastly,we must focus on the construction of a vocational education brand to achieve a comprehensive reshaping of vocational education impressions and reputation management.