无处不在的作者——《小说修辞学》述评

The Ubiquitous Author: A Review of The Rhetoric of Fiction

美国著名文学批评家韦恩·布斯(Wayne C.Booth)的《小说修辞学》是现代文学批评的经典之作。这部著作深刻研究了小说的修辞学,包括故事情节、人物刻画、叙述方式选择等方面。布斯强调作者、读者和文本之间的密切联系,提出了审美距离、叙述者可靠性、隐含作者、修辞策略和读者参与等关键概念,对小说写作和阅读产生深远影响。然而,学界对这些概念中作者实际介入的讨论尚显不足。本研究通过分析隐含作者、审美距离、不可靠叙述者等观点,揭示作者在小说创作中的深入渗透,探讨作者如何将自身融入故事叙述、人物构建和主题表达中。

Wayne C.Booth,a renowned American literary critic,is celebrated for his classic contribution to modern literary criticism:The Rhetoric of Fiction.This work delves deep into the rhetoric of novels,exploring aspects such as story development,character portrayal,and narrative style.Booth emphasizes the close interplay between authors,readers,and the text,introducing key concepts like aesthetic distance,narrator reliability,implied author,rhetorical strategies,and reader participation,significantly influencing both novel writing and reading.However,discussions within the academic realm regarding the author’s actual involvement in these concepts remain limited.This paper,by analyzin implied authorship,aesthetic distance,unreliable narrators and other viewpoints,reveals the profound penetration of authors into novel creation.It explores how authors integrate themselves into the narration,character construction and thematic expression of each story.