黑曲霉菌丝球固定化异养小球藻处理食品废水的研究

Treatment of food wastewater using immobilized heterotrophic Chlorella vulgaris by Aspergillus niger pellets

食品废水因富含蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、尿素、氨氮、P等多种物质,其净化处理难度较大、成本较高。黑曲霉菌丝球具有生物活性良好、沉降速度快、易于固液分离的特点。而小球藻具有繁殖速度快、生物量生产效率高的优点。因此,使用菌丝球固定化小球藻的菌-藻体净化处理食品废水是一种低成本、高效率、无污染、可持续发展的方法。该研究通过优化形成菌丝球的培养基、共培养方式达到高效处理食品废水的效果。结果表明CCM培养基、培养基A、改良BG-11三种培养基较适合黑曲霉形成菌丝球。采用菌丝球的形式比接种孢子的方式更有利于小球藻的收获。以豆制品废水为例,菌丝球固定化小球藻的菌-藻体可以去除90.25%的化学需氧量、43.53%的总氮、94.2%的总磷。因此使用菌丝球固定化小球藻可以对食品废水进行快速高效净化,为菌在处理食品废水的应用提供基础。

Food wastewater was rich in proteins,carbohydrates,fat,urea,ammonia nitrogen,phosphorus and other nutrients,which made it difficult and high cost to be treated.Aspergillus niger pellets had advantages of high biological activity,high settling rate and easy separation from liquid phase.Chlorella vulgaris had advantages of high growth rate and efficient biomass production.Therefore,the treatment of food wastewater using immobilized C.vulgaris on A.niger pellets was a low-cost,high-efficient,pollution-free and sustainable approach.In this research,this approach was developed through media optimization for A.niger pellets formation,and co-cultivation conditions of A.niger and C.vulgaris.All three media,CCM medium,A medium and modified BG-11 medium,were suitable for pellets formation.A.niger pellet was better than A.niger spore for C.vulgaris harvest according to results.After optimization,90.25%COD,43.53%TN,94.2%TP of soybean wastewater was removed.Therefore,this approach of immobilized algae on fungal pellets was efficient to remove nutrients from food wastewater,and proved a solid base for its further application.