高压静电场处理对青皮扁桃果实采后生理与种仁品质的影响

Effect of high-voltage electrostatic field treatment on postharvest physiology and seed kernel quality of green peel amygdala fruits

青皮扁桃采后易褐变腐烂,种仁易出芽,品质易变劣,为了延长青皮扁桃贮藏时间,提升市场价值,该文以“晋扁一号”青皮扁桃为试验试材,采用不同强度的高压静电场对其进行处理,然后将其用0.03 mm厚的打孔聚乙烯袋包装,在(0±1)℃下贮藏,测定青皮扁桃果实的失重率、褐变指数、裂果率、色泽、呼吸强度和乙烯释放量的变化,以及种仁过氧化值、酸价、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性的变化。结果表明,通过比较100、150、200 kV/m三个电场处理组各指标的数值,发现150 kV/m的电场处理组效果最好,对青皮扁桃的失重率、褐变指数和裂果率有显著的抑制作用,抑制或推迟乙烯释放高峰及呼吸高峰,维持果皮的色泽,抑制种仁过氧化值和酸价的提高以及过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性的下降。因此,高压静电场处理可以有效保持青皮扁桃在贮藏过程中的果实品质,延缓果实衰老。

Green peel amygdala is easy to brown and rot after harvesting,the seed kernel is easy to bud,and the quality is easy to deteriorate to prolong the green peel amygdala storage time and enhance the market value.The“Jin bian No.1”green peel amygdala was used as test material,treated with high voltage electrostatic fields of different intensities,and then packed in 0.03 mm thick perforated PE bags and stored at(0±1)℃,to determine the weight loss rate,browning index,fruit cracking rate,color,respiration intensity,and ethylene release of green peel amygdala,as well as the peroxide value,acid value,catalase,and peroxidase activity of the seed kernel.and changes in peroxide value,acid value,catalase,and peroxidase activities of kernels.By comparing the values of each index in the three electric field treatment groups of 100,150,and 200 kV/m,it was found that the electric field treatment group of 150 kV/m was the most effective,with significant inhibition of weight loss,browning index and fruit cracking rate of green peel amygdala,inhibition or delay of the peak of ethylene release and the peak of respiration,maintenance of the skin’s color,inhibition of the increase in the seed kernel’s peroxide value and acid price as well as the peroxidase and peroxidase activities.Therefore,the high-voltage electrostatic field treatment can effectively maintain the fruit quality of green peel amygdala during storage and delay fruit senescence.