环渤海地区农业优势的时空演变研究

The Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Agricultural Advantages in the Bohai Rim Region

研究某一区域农业及其细分行业的优势,可以激发该区域农业的发展潜力,优化农业结构,促进农业合理布局,提高农产品竞争力.该文将重心法、区位商和增长商等方法相结合,对环渤海地区整体和区内各省市的农业及其细分行业的比较优势和增长优势进行分析,结果表明:环渤海地区农业整体发展水平较高,除京津两市外,其余三省农业都具有比较优势.山东省的种植业和渔业、河北省的种植业、林业和畜牧业、辽宁省的种植业、畜牧业和渔业比较优势突出.1990年—2020年环渤海地区的种植业增速放缓,林业和畜牧业具有明显的行业增长,有适合区域增长优势,发展潜力巨大,渔业的增长幅度稍缓.从空间格局来看,环渤海地区有约70%的城市农业具有比较优势,大部分城市的林业和渔业产值增速高于全国平均水平.环渤海地区农业在全国的比较优势较强,但种植业和畜牧业的增长速度较为乏力,林业和渔业增速较快,但在全国比较优势并不占优,应因地制宜,推动农业现代化,促进农业综合发展.

Studying the advantages of agriculture and its sub-industries in a certain region can stimulate the development potential of agriculture in the region,optimize the agricultural structure,promote the rational layout of agriculture,and improve the competitiveness of agricultural products.This paper analyzes the comparative ad-vantages and growth advantages of agriculture and its sub-industries in the Bohai Rim region as a whole and the provinces and cities in the region by combining the methods of center of gravity,location quotient and growth quotient,and the results show that the overall development level of agriculture in the Bohai Rim region is rela-tively high,and except for Beijing and Tianjin cities,the agriculture of the other three provinces has comparative advantages.The comparative advantages of planting and fishery in Shandong Province,planting,forestry and an-imal husbandry in Hebei Province and planting,animal husbandry and fishery in Liaoning Province are outstand-ing.From 1990 to 2020,the growth rate of planting industry in the Bohai Rim region slowed down,forestry and animal husbandry have obvious industrial growth advantages,suitable for regional growth,huge development po-tential,and the growth rate of fishery is slightly slow.From the perspective of spatial pattern,about 70%of ur-ban agriculture in the Bohai Rim region has comparative advantages,and the growth rate of forestry and fishery output value in most cities is higher than the national average.Agriculture in the Bohai Rim region has a strong comparative advantage in the country,but the growth rate of planting and animal husbandry is relatively weak,and the growth rate of forestry and fishery is relatively fast,but the comparative advantage in the country is not superior.