人类文明基本理论问题刍议

Basic Theoretical Issues of Human Civilization

文明是人类生产劳动实践创造的积极成果,标志着与一定社会发展阶段相适应的进步状态。文明缘起于自然界,它具有社会性、实践性、多样性、互鉴性、整体性等特征。从时间维度来看,人类文明可分为原始文明、农业文明、工业文明和生态文明等形态;从空间维度来看,人类文明可分为物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明和生态文明等形态。源远流长灿烂辉煌的中华文明不仅滋养着生生不息的中华民族,而且为全人类的进步作出了重大贡献。新时代的中国成功走出了中国式现代化道路,并且创造了人类文明新形态。从现实与历史相结合的角度,运用马克思主义文明观来考察人类文明的内涵、缘起、特征、分类等这些基本理论问题,具有应景性的现实价值意义。

Civilization is a positive outcome of human practices,representing a specific stage of social development.It originates from nature and is characterized by its sociality,practicality,diversity,interactiv⁃ity,and integrality.Temporally,human civilization can be categorized into forms such as primitive civiliza⁃tion,agricultural civilization,industrial civilization,and ecological civilization.Spatially,it can be divided into material civilization,political civilization,spiritual civilization,social civilization,and ecological civiliza⁃tion.The long-standing and splendid Chinese civilization has not only nurtured the enduring Chinese nation but has also made significant contributions to the progress of humanity as a whole.In the new era,China has successfully embarked on a path of Chinese-style modernization,creating a new form of human civiliza⁃tion.Examining the basic theoretical issues of human civilization—such as its connotation,origin,character⁃istics,and classification—by integrating both contemporary and historical perspectives and utilizing the Marx⁃ist view of civilization holds timely and practical significance.