考虑换乘通道利用的地铁换乘站行人疏散引导策略研究

Research on pedestrian evacuation guidance strategy of subway transfer station considering the use of transfer channel

换乘地铁站的安全管理因其结构更为复杂、客流交织更为严重而备受关注。以某T形换乘地铁站为例,基于元胞自动机场域模型构建了考虑换乘通道利用程度的行人紧急疏散模型,并分别设计了面向站台层和站厅层的行人引导策略,对比分析了不同疏散策略组合对换乘地铁站行人疏散的影响。结果表明:T形换乘地铁站中等规模(约3000人)疏散场景下,与无引导策略相比,同时考虑站台引导和站厅引导的疏散用时更短,且疏散人员分布更均衡;针对换乘通道利用程度调配的疏散分区设计,存在最优分隔间距,总疏散人数的变化对最优分隔间距没有影响,但疏散人员在各个站台的分布比例对最优分隔间距有一定的影响。研究有助于T形换乘地铁站内的密集人群安全管理。

The safety management of transfer subway stations has attracted much attention because of its more complex structure and more serious interweaving of passenger flows.Taking a T-transfer subway station as an example,this paper constructs an emergency pedestrian evacuation model considering the utilization degree of the transfer channel based on the cellular automatic floor field model and designs pedestrian guidance strategies for the platform floor and the station hall floor respectively.It analyzes the effects of different evacuation strategy combinations on the emergency evacuation of pedestrians in the transfer subway station.For the no-guidance strategy,all evacuees freely choose their evacuation exits based on the field model.In both the platform floor guidance strategy and the station hall floor guidance strategy,the system provides the optimal exit choice for pedestrians.This paper focuses on the comparison of the two strategies of no guidance and considering both platform guidance and station hall guidance.It analyzes the improvement principle,as well as the influence of different evacuation numbers,different proportions of people on different platform floors,and different obedience ratios of pedestrians on the evacuation process.The results show that compared with the no-guidance evacuation strategy,the evacuation time under both platform guidance and station hall guidance is less,and the distribution of evacuees is more balanced.In the evacuation zone design that considers the utilization degree of the transfer channel,there is an optimal separation distance.The change in the total number of evacuees does not influence the optimal separation distance,but the distribution proportion of evacuees at each platform has a certain influence on it.When the percentage of pedestrian obedience ratio is not less than 90%,the optimal separation spacing does not significantly change.This work is helpful to the safety management of the dense crowd in the T-transfer subway station.