月球原位资源开发体系研究进展

Progress of Lunar In-Situ Resource Utilization System

月球原位资源开发是探月计划的核心目标,需依托月球独特的区位、物质与环境条件设计相关工业体系。针对我国国际月球科研站计划的近期规划,以钛铁矿、水冰与氦-3三类开采价值与技术成熟度较高的重点资源为例,综述月球原位资源开发全流程研究进展。首先区分区域普查与近点详查两条技术路线,简述重点资源勘查成果。然后分别介绍以三类资源为原料的选矿、提取与制备技术。随后从资源需求与设施组织形式两个角度探讨资源提取后的产品加工。最后,分析现月球原位资源开发体系的技术能力与结构完整性,提出四项关键问题与发展方向,形成三条主要结论与研究建议,为我国抢先建立世界领先水平的月球原位资源开发体系提供参考。

The core of the current lunar exploration program is lunar in-situ resource utilization(ISRU),which necessitates system design based on the particular location,material,and environmental factors of the Moon.According to the recent planning of China’s International Lunar Research Station program,the research progress of the whole process of in-situ resources development on the moon is reviewed by taking ilmenite,water ice and helium-3,the three kinds of key resources with high mining value and technical maturity as examples.Firstly,two technical routes,namely the full moon census and the near-point detailed survey,are distinguished to briefly summarize the prospecting of the main resources.Next,the beneficiation,extraction and preparation of ilmenite,water ice and helium-3 as raw materials are presented,respectively.The back-end application of products is then examined from the viewpoints of facility organization and resource demand.Finally,the technological capabilities and structural integrity of the current lunar ISRU system are analyzed,which highlights four major concerns and potentials,followed by three primary conclusions and recommendations.This paper aims to serve as a reference for China’s creation of a world-class lunar ISRU system.