经皮椎体成形术治疗老年胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者的效果

Effect of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Elderly Patients with Thoracolumbar Vertebral Compression Fractures

目的:探讨经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)治疗老年胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者的效果。方法:选取2021年6月—2023年9月贵州医科大学附属乌当医院收治的50例老年胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者作为研究对象。根据随机表将其分为对照组和手术组,各25例。对照组实施保守治疗,手术组实施PVP。比较两组治疗前,治疗1周、1个月后腰椎功能、疼痛情况及日常生活能力,临床疗效及并发症,治疗前及治疗3个月后生活质量。结果:治疗1周、1个月后,两组Oswestry功能障碍评定量表(Oswestry disability rating scale,ODI)、视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分均明显降低,功能独立性评定量表(functional independence measure,FIM)评分升高,手术组ODI及VAS评分均明显低于对照组,FIM评分显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术组总有效率明显高于对照组,并发症发生率明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗3个月后,两组生理职能、生理功能、躯体疼痛、活力、情感职能、心理健康及社会功能评分均明显升高,手术组生理职能、生理功能、躯体疼痛、活力、情感职能、心理健康及社会功能评分均显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:老年胸腰椎压缩性骨折患者采取PVP治疗,可有效促进伤椎功能恢复,减轻疼痛,降低并发症发生率,提高日常生活能力,改善生活质量,安全性高,疗效显著。

Objective:To investigate the effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in the treatment of elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures.Method:Fifty elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures admitted to Wudang Hospital Affiliated to Guizhou Medical University from June 2021 to September 2023 were selected as the study objects.According to the random table,they were divided into control group and operation group,25 cases in each group.The control group received conservative treatment,and the operation group received PVP.Lumbar function,pain condition,daily living ability before treatment,1 week,1 month of treatment,clinical efficacy and complications,quality of life before treatment and after 3 month of treatment were compared between the two groups.Result:After 1 week and 1 month of treatment,the scores of Oswestry disability rating scale(ODI)and visual analogue scale(VAS)were significantly reduced in both groups,with the functional independence measure(FIM)scores increased,ODI and VAS scores in the operation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and FIM scores were significantly higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the operation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the incidence of complication was significantly lower than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After 3 month of treatment,the scores of physiological function,physiological function,physical pain,vitality,emotional function,mental health and social function were significantly increased in both groups,and the scores of physiological function,physical function,physical pain,vitality,emotional function,mental health and social function in the operation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:PVP treatment in the elderly patients with thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture can effectively promote the recovery of injured vertebral function,relieve pain,reduce the incidence of complications,improve the ability of daily life and quality of life,with high safety,the efficacy is significant.