空间集聚与协同布局:基于国际经验的城市群高等教育布局分析

Spatial agglomeration and synergistic layout:analysis of higher education distribution in urban agglomerationsbased on international experiences

城市群代表着全球经济发展和人口集聚的基本趋势,是国家人口及经济活动最为稠密、创新最为活跃的地带。城市群发展及高等教育布局的国际经验主要有以城市群为核心集聚人口和开展经济活动,引领产业转型升级;以城市群为重点布局优质高等教育资源,打造一流大学集群;以城市群为载体吸引和集聚人才,建设区域及世界创新高地。当前,我国五大城市群高等教育布局主要存在高等教育体量和层次布局难以适应城市群经济发展和科技创新的需求,优质高等教育资源布局难以支撑城市群优势发展,高等教育资源配置机制不利于释放市场和地方活力等问题。为此,我国应借鉴国际经验,通过以下举措稳步实现城市群高等教育的空间集聚发展与协同布局:充分尊重人口和产业向优势区域和城市集聚发展的客观规律,实现城市群高等教育的空间集聚发展;进一步打破地区行政分割,提高城市群高等教育布局统筹水平;充分发挥市场和地方在促进城市群高等教育发展中的作用。

Urban agglomerations represent the basic trend of global economic development and population agglomeration,and are the most densely populated and economically active zones with the most active innovation.The international experience in the development of urban agglomerations and the layout of higher education includes the following:taking urban agglomerations as the core to gather population and economic activities and lead industrial transformation and upgrading;Taking urban agglomerations as the focus to lay out high-quality higher education resources and build first-class university clusters;Taking urban agglomerations as the carrier to attract and gather talents to build regional and world innovation highland.At present,the layout of higher education in China′s five major urban agglomerations mainly exists that the volume and level of higher education cannot meet the needs of economic development and scientific and technological innovation in urban agglomerations,the layout of high-quality higher education resources can′t support the requirements of urban agglomeration and advantageous development,and the reform of higher education resource allocation mechanism can′t keep up with the requirements of releasing the market and local vitality and other problems.Therefore,China should learn from international experience and steadily realize the spatial agglomeration development and collaborative layout of higher education in urban agglomerations:fully respect the objective law of population and industry agglomeration to advantageous regions and urban development,and realize the spatial agglomeration development of higher education in urban agglomerations;Further break the regional administrative division and improve the overall level of higher education distribution in urban agglomerations;Give full play to the role of the market and stimulating the local vitality to improve the mechanism of higher education resource allocation in the urban agglomerations.