分层培养、协同推进:双循环新格局下职业教育发展的根本遵循

Layered Cultivation and Collaborative Advancement:Fundamental Principles for the Development of Vocational Education under the Dual Circulation Pattern

为应对全球产业链与供应链重构,我国提出构建国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。双循环新格局的四大主线——提质增效、创新驱动、优化升级、扩大内需都明确指向对多样化、多层次技术技能人才的紧迫需求。为顺应这种经济发展格局的转变,以培养技术技能人才为核心使命的职业教育须遵循“分层培养、协同推进”的原则。在培养目标、教学内容、实习实践、评价标准等方面进行差异化分层设计,寻求职业教育生态系统中各要素协同推进,实现职业教育与普通教育殊途同归、个人发展与社会需求平衡兼顾、研究型人才与应用型人才携手共进、校主“道”与企主“术”和洽共赢及就业与创业两全其美。

In response to the global restructuring of industrial and supply chains,China has proposed a new development pattern that mutually promotes both domestic and international circulation.The four main themes of the dual circulation pattern—quality improvement and efficiency enhancement,innovation-driven development,optimization and upgrading,and expansion of domestic demand—all clearly point to the urgent need for diverse and multi-level technical and skilled talents.To adapt to this shift in economic development pattern,vocational education,with its core mission of cultivating technical and skilled talents,must follow the principle of“layered cultivation and collaborative advancement.”Differentiated and stratified designs should be carried out in aspects such as training objectives,teaching content,internship practices,and evaluation standards,seeking synergistic progress among various elements within the vocational education ecosystem.This aims to achieve convergence between vocational education and general education,balance between personal development and social needs,joint progression of research-oriented talents and application-oriented talents,harmonious win-win cooperation between school-led principles and enterprise-led techniques,and comprehensive success in both employment and entrepreneurship.