布鲁氏菌病疫苗新进展及其佐剂的应用

New evaluation of brucellosis vaccines and their adjuvant applications

布鲁氏菌病是严重危害人类健康和畜牧业发展的人兽共患传染病之一,疫苗接种已成为预防和控制布鲁氏菌感染的有效方法之一,市场上已有不少动物用的减毒活疫苗,但是目前尚无人用疫苗。伴随着基因工程和分子生物信息学研究的不断深入,各种亚单位疫苗应运而生,例如DNA疫苗、多表位疫苗、重组蛋白疫苗和载体疫苗。疫苗佐剂是针对不同免疫应答需要而研发出来的,本文将对布鲁氏菌病疫苗的研究进展进行综述,同时参考目前常用的疫苗佐剂进行介绍,以期能够对后续疫苗的研发提供新的思路。

Brucellosis is one of the most significant infectious diseases affecting both humans and animals.It poses a considerable risk to human health and the advancement of animal husbandry.Vaccination has emerged as a highly effective strategy for preventing and controlling brucellosis infection.Currently,numerous live attenuated vaccines for animals are available on the market.Despite the lack of a vaccine for human use,research in the fields of genetic engineering and molecular bioinformatics has led to the development of a number of subunit vaccines,including DNA vaccines,multi-epitope vaccines,recombinant protein vaccines,and vector vaccines.Vaccine adjuvants have been developed to address the varying requirements of different immune responses.This paper will review the research progress of brucellosis vaccines and introduce the commonly used vaccine adjuvants,with a view to providing new ideas for the development of subsequent vaccines.