不同改底剂与改性麦饭石协同作用下对苦草生长的影响研究

Synergistic Effects of Different Sediment Conditioners and Modified Medical Stone on the Growth of Vallisneria natans

该文从调节富营养化水体底质环境和沉水植物生态恢复的角度出发,系统研究并探索针对城市浅水湖泊沉水植物恢复的高效复合底泥改良剂。实验选取水环境治理常用的4种改底剂:氧化钙、过氧化钙、硝酸钙、过硫酸氢钾,联合镁元素负载改性麦饭石对污染底泥进行复合改良处理,同时结合沉水植物苦草种植生长效果综合评价不同改底剂与镁改性麦饭石组合对于苦草的生长效果的影响。结果表明,在与镁改性麦饭石复合处理过程中,氧化钙对于上覆水体中总磷及底泥氨氮的固定作用最好,但处理后水体环境对于苦草的生长具有一定抑制效果;硝酸钙处理后的水体富营养化风险较高,处理后苦草生长效果较差;过氧化钙和过硫酸氢钾进行底泥复合改良后植物生长状态较好,其中过氧化钙实验组沉水植物净重增长倍数最大,同时过氧化钙对于将富营养状态下的显著影响环境因子(底泥中氨氮、总磷、总有机碳)含量控制在适宜沉水植物苦草生长的范围内的效果优于过硫酸氢钾。过氧化钙+镁改性麦饭石复合改良底泥的措施较其他改底剂组合更适合水环境治理过程中沉水植物生态修复的底泥改良。

From the perspective of regulating the eutrophic sediment environment and restoring the submerged plant ecology,the present study systematically explores efficient composite sediment modifiers aimed at restoring submerged plants in urban shallow lakes.The experiment selects four commonly used sediment modifiers in water environment management,including calcium oxide,calcium peroxide,calcium nitrate,and potassium monopersulfate.These modifiers,combined with magnesiumloaded modified maifanite,are used for the composite improvement treatment of polluted sediments.Simultaneously,the growth effects of different sediment modifiers and modified maifanite combinations on Vallisneria natans are comprehensive⁃ly evaluated based on the planting and growth effects of the submerged plant.The results indicate that calcium oxide exhibits the best fixation effect on total phosphorus in the overlying water body and ammonia nitrogen in the sediment during the com⁃posite treatment process with magnesium-modified maifanite.However,the treated water environment has a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of Vallisneria natans.The risk of eutrophication is higher in the water body treated with calcium nitrate,resulting in poor growth of Vallisneria natans.Plant growth is better after the sediment improvement with calcium peroxide and potassium monopersulfate.Specifically,the calcium peroxide experimental group shows the highest net weight gain multiple for the submerged plant.Additionally,calcium peroxide is more effective than potassium monopersulfate in control⁃ling the content of significant environmental factors(ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total organic carbon in sedi⁃ment)in an eutrophic state within a suitable range for the growth of Vallisneria natans.Therefore,the composite sediment improvement measure of calcium peroxide and magnesium-modified maifanite is more suitable for sediment improvement in the early stage of ecological restoration of submerged plants during water environment management compared to other sediment modifier combinations.