“平急两用”视角下应急避难场所布局优化设计

Study on the Optimized Layout Design of Emergency Shelter from the Perspective of Dual Use of Emergency and Ordinary

平急两用的应急避难场所是应对突发事件发生的重要场所,在灾害发生时转化的速度与成效是发挥避难场所作用的重要因素之一。为提高我国避难场所在灾害发生时的转化效率,以体育场馆和公园广场为例进行绘图分析,针对避难场所平疫转化和平灾转化过程中的功能分区及不同流线进行研究,并确保方案的可实施性。研究表明:“平急两用”避难场所通过布局优化设计,在一定的功能和流线转化后即可快速转化为应急避难场所。研究结果为“平急两用”公共基础设施的场所建设提供理论与方法指导,优化应急避难场所布局,提高城市韧性,对推动建设可持续高质量发展的城市公共基础设施系统起到重要指引作用。

The shelter of dual use of emergency and ordinary is an important place to deal with emergencies.The speed and effectiveness of transformation in the event of disasters is one of the important factors to play the role of shelter.In order to enhance the efficiency of shelter conversion during times of disaster in China,this study utilized sports venues and park squares as case examples to conduct mapping analysis.It examined functional zoning and different flow lines in the conversion process under two distinct scenarios:epidemic transformation and disaster transformation,ensuring the successful implementation of the program.The study concluded that through specific functional and flow line transformations,'dual-use'of emergency and ordinary shelters can be rapidly transformed into emergency shelters by optimizing the layout design.The research results provided theoretical and methodological guidance for the construction of'dual-use′public infrastructure,which enables the optimization of emergency shelter layouts,enhances urban resilience,and serves as a significant guiding force in promoting the development of sustainable and high-quality urban public infrastructure systems.