大数据发展、创新生态与企业技术创新质量——基于国家大数据综合试验区的准自然实验

Development of Big Data,Innovation Ecology,and Quality of Enterprise Technological Innovation——Quasi Natural Experiments Based on National Big Data Comprehensive Experimental Zones

本文基于国家大数据综合试验区准自然试验,实证检验大数据发展对企业技术创新质量的影响效应、机制、异质性与调节效应,结果表明,大数据发展对企业技术创新质量提升作用十分显著。大数据发展带来更高的信息传递效应,增加研发合作;也带来更低的融资约束效应,增加技术创新风险投资;同时带来更高的创新要素集聚效应,促进人才要素、技术要素、资本要素和数据要素集聚,进而促进创新生态优化,从而显著提高企业技术创新质量。大数据发展对企业技术创新质量的影响存在异质性,在企业成长期和成熟期提升效应表现显著,在衰退期表现不显著;大数据发展对企业技术创新质量的提升效应在创新生态优化程度较高区受到创新政策的强化作用相对较强,而在创新生态优化程度较低区其提升效应受到创新政策的强化作用相对较弱。

This article empirically tests the impact,mechanism,heterogeneity,and moderating effect of big data development on the quality of enterprise technological innovation based on quasi natural experiments in national big data pilot zones.Research has shown that the development of big data has a significant impact on improving the quality of enterprise technological innovation.The development of big data brings about higher information transmission effects,increased R&D cooperation,lower financing constraints,increased technological innovation risk investment,and higher innovation factor clustering effects,promoting talent factor clustering,technology factor clustering,capital factor clustering,and data factor clustering,thereby promoting the optimization of innovation ecology and significantly improving the quality of enterprise technological innovation.The impact of big data development on the quality of enterprise technological innovation varies across different enterprise lifecycles.The improvement effect is significant in the growth and maturity stages of the enterprise,but not significant in the recession stage.The effect of big data development on improving the qualityof enterprise technological innovation is relatively stronger inareas with higher optimizationof the innovation ecosystem due to the strengthening effectof innovation policies,while inareas with lower optimizationof the innovation ecosystem,its improvement effect is relatively weaker due to the strengthening effect of innovation policies.