灵芝水提物对高尿酸血症大鼠尿酸含量和肾功能的影响

Effects of Ganoderma lucidum Aqueous Extract on Uric Acid Level and Renal Function of Rats with Hyperuricemia

测定灵芝(Ganodermalucidum)水提物总糖、还原糖、多糖、蛋白质和核苷类物质含量及其对DPPH和ABTS自由基清除能力;采用腺苷诱导肝细胞L-O2建立体外高尿酸细胞模型,研究灵芝水提物(低、中、高剂量分别为0.25、0.50、1.00 mg·mL^(-1))对肝细胞L-O2培养液中尿酸含量的影响;基于氧嗪酸钾联合酵母膏喂养建立高尿酸大鼠模型,采用灵芝水提物(低、中、高剂量分别为0.5、1.0和2.0 g·kg^(-1))灌胃大鼠,测定大鼠血清和肝脏组织黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,血清和肾脏组织尿酸、血清肌酐和尿素氮含量;采用苏木精-伊红染色肝脏、肾脏组织,观察并测定细胞核质比。结果表明:0.25、0.50和1.00 mg·mL^(-1)灵芝水提物对DPPH的清除率显著高于其对ABTS的清除率。与模型组比较,灵芝水提物低、中、高剂量组肝细胞L-O2培养液中尿酸含量显著降低;中、高剂量组血清中的尿酸含量显著降低;低、中、高剂量组肾脏中的尿酸含量显著增加;中、高剂量组肾脏组织细胞的核质比、血清尿素氮含量显著降低;低、中、高剂量组血清肌酐含量极显著降低;低、中、高剂量组肝脏细胞的核质比显著降低;中、高剂量组血清、肝脏组织黄嘌呤氧化酶活性显著降低。研究结果可为灵芝相关功能产品的开发提供参考。

Aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum was measured for contents of total sugar,reducing sugar,polysaccharide,protein,and nucleoside,and determined for its scavenging ability on DPPH and ABTS free radicals.Using the adenosine induced hyperuricemic L-O2 cell model,the effect of the G.lucidum aqueous extract on uric acid level in the culture medium was studied at low(0.25 mg·mL^(-1)),medium(0.50 mg·mL^(-1))and high(1.00 mg·mL^(-1)) doses,respectively.The G.lucidum aqueous extract was also studied for its in vivo effects on a rat model of hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxazinate combined with yeast extract at low(0.5 g·kg^(-1)),medium(1.0 g·kg^(-1)) and high(2.0 g·kg^(-1)) doses by gavage,respectively.Mice in different groups were measured for xanthine oxidase activity in serum and hepatic tissues,uric acid level in serum and kidney tissues,serum creatinine level and serum urea nitrogen level.Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe renal and hepatic tissues and determine cell nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio.The results showed that clearance rate of the G.lucidum aqueous extract on DPPH was significantly higher than that against ABTS at 0.25,0.50,and 1.00 mg·mL^(-1).Compared with the control,the G.lucidum aqueous extract significantly reduced the uric acid content in the culture medium of L-O2 cells.Medium and high doses of the G.lucidum aqueous extract significantly decreased uric acid levels in serum,whereas the aqueous extract increased uric acid levels in kidney regardless of dose.Compared with the rat model group,the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio in renal cells was significantly decreased in the medium-dose and high-dose G.lucidum aqueous extract groups,and the nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio in hepatic cells was significantly decreased in all three G.lucidum aqueous extract groups.The serum urea nitrogen level of the model rats was significantly decreased upon treatments by medium and high doses of the G.lucidum aqueous extract.The creatinine levels of all three G.lucidum aqueous extract groups were extremely significantly decreased compared with that of the model group.The xanthine oxidase activity in rat serum and hepatic tissue was also significantly decreased in the medium-dose and high-dose G.lucidum aqueous extract groups.These results provided a reference for the development of functional products from G.lucidum.