教育对外开放背景下高等职业教育国际化高质量发展的多元路径——基于全国47个典型案例的模糊集定性比较分析

Exploration on the Pluralistic Paths of Internationalization and High-quality Development of Higher Vocational Education in the Context of Education Opening-up——A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Fuzzy Sets Based on 47 Typical Cases in China

基于TOE框架,采用模糊集定性比较分析方法,对全国47个典型案例进行分析,聚焦高等职业院校优势、职业教育数字化平台、职业教育标准体系、多元办学主体和跨文化人文交流五个条件变量,识别出推动我国高等职业教育国际化高质量发展的两条最优路径,即“政校企行协同办学融合多元文化发展型”(H1)和“数字化平台联通职教标准体系共享型”(H2),以及制约国际化高质量发展的两条路径,即“组织—制约型”(NH1)和“技术-环境—制约型”(NH2)。为促进高等职业教育国际化高质量发展,我国应统筹多元办学主体,创新人文交流,促进跨文化的民心相通;加强标准体系建设,融合数字驱动,树立中国特色职教品牌;高职院校以“双高计划”为支撑,优化资源配置,引领国际化发展。

Based on the TOE framework and adopting the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method,47 typical cases in China were analyzed,focusing on five conditional variables,namely,the advantages of higher vocational colleges and universities,the digital platform of vocational education,the vocational education standard system,the multicultural school-running body and cross-cultural humanistic exchanges,to identify two optimal paths to promote the high-quality development of the internationalization of China’s higher vocational education,namely the two optimal paths for promoting the high-quality development of internationalization in China’s higher vocational education are identified,namely,the“government,school,enterprise and bank collaborative schooling and multicultural development type”(H1)and the“digital platform and vocational education standard system sharing type”(H2),and the two paths that constrain the high-quality development of internationalization,namely,the“organization-constraint type”(NH1)and“technology-environment-constraint type”(NH2).In order to promote the high-quality development of internationalization of higher vocational education,China should coordinate multiple school sponsors,innovate humanistic exchanges,and promote cross-cultural people-to-people communication;strengthen the construction of the standard system,and integrate the digital drive to establish the brand of vocational education with Chinese characteristics;and higher vocational colleges should take the“Double High-level Plan”as a support to optimize the allocation of resources,and take the lead in the internationalization development.