近视儿童视觉训练效果评价

Effect evaluation of visual training on myopic children

目的评价视觉训练对近视儿童的干预效果,为儿童近视干预提供依据。方法选择2021年在舟山医院眼科门诊就诊的90例8~10岁近视儿童为研究对象,随机分为对照组、干预1组和干预2组,每组30例;对照组实施医学配镜,干预1组实施医学配镜和视觉训练联合,干预2组仅视觉训练。通过问卷收集研究对象的基本信息、最佳矫正视力和斜视度等资料;分别在干预前和干预后(1、3、6和12个月)测量等效球镜度、正负相对调节、调节幅度和调节灵活度等指标,采用重复测量资料的方差分析比较3组干预效果。结果3组儿童性别、年龄、睡眠时间、父母近视情况、户外活动时间、最佳矫正视力和斜视度比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。重复测量资料的方差分析结果显示,3组近视儿童的等效球镜度、正负相对调节、调节幅度和调节灵活度指标的组间差异无统计学意义,且组间与时间不存在交互效应(均P>0.05);3组近视儿童的等效球镜度、正负相对调节、调节幅度和调节灵活度在不同干预时间的比较,差异有统计学意义,干预6、12个月后,干预1组和干预2组近视儿童等效球镜度、正负相对调节、调节幅度和调节灵活度高于干预前和干预1、3个月(均P<0.05)。结论视觉训练对近视儿童有一定效果,但未发现医学配镜、医学配镜和视觉训练联合对近视儿童干预效果存在差异。

Objective To evaluate the effect of visual training on children with myopia,so as to provide the evidence for the intervention of children with myopia.Methods Ninety myopic children aged 8 to 10 years who visited the ophthalmology outpatient department of Zhoushan Hospital in 2021 were selected,and randomly divided into a control group,an intervention group 1,and an intervention group 2,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received medical glasses prescription,the intervention group 1 received a combined intervention of medical glasses prescription and visual training,and the intervention group 2 received only visual training intervention.Basic information,best corrected visual acuity and strabismus degree were collected through questionnaire surveys.Equivalent spherical lens power,positive and negative relative accommodation,amplitude of accommodation,and accommodative facility were measured before and after 1 month,3 months,6 months and 12 months intervention.The intervention effects among the three groups were compared using variance analysis of repeated-measures analysis of variance.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,sleep time,parents'myopia status,outdoor activity time,best corrected visual acuity and strabismus degree among the three groups of children(all P>0.05).The results of analysis of variance for repeated measures revealed no significant differences in spherical equivalent,positive/negative relative accommodation,accommodation of amplitude,and accommodative facility among three groups of myopic children,with no interaction between groups and time(all P>0.05).Significant differences in these parameters were noted across the intervention times within each group(P<0.05).After 6 and 12 months of intervention,the spherical equivalent,positive/negative relative accommodation,amplitude of accommodation,and accommodative facility of the myopic children in the interven tion group 1 and intervention group 2 were higher than those before intervention and at 1 and 3 months of interven tion(all P<0.05).Conclusions Visual training has certain effect on myopia children.However,no differences were found in the intervention effects of medical glasses prescription alone,or when combined with visual training on myo pia children.