体育参与促进老年人主观幸福感的机制研究

Research on the Mechanism of Promoting Subjective Well-Being among the Elderly through Sports Participation

采用锻炼社会支持量表、体育锻炼等级量表、身体活动和休闲动机量表、积极心理健康量表、主观幸福感量表5个量表进行测试,运用结构方程模型构建了老年人体育参与增进幸福感的路径并进行检验。在影响机制方面,老年人体育参与对幸福感具有正向影响;心理健康和生理健康在老年人体育参与和幸福感之间起中介作用,体育参与对老年人生理健康和心理健康同时具有正向影响,在异质性影响方面,参与体育锻炼促进患慢性病老年人、独居老年人生理健康的作用更明显。研究为理解老年人体育参与增进幸福感提供了相对完备的解释,为体育参与可以促进老年人身体健康,提升生活质量提供了证据,对于老年人更好地提升主观幸福感具有重要意义。

In this article,five scales,namely the Exercise Social Support Scale,the Physical Activity Rating Scale,the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale,the Positive Mental Health Scale,and the Subjective Well-being Scale,were used to construct test.It uses structural equation modeling to construct a path for elderly people's participation in sports to enhance their sense of happiness and conducts testing.In terms of influencing mechanism,the participation of the elderly in sports has a positive impact on well-being.Mental health and physical health play a mediating role in the relationship between physical participation and well-being of the elderly,and physical participation has a positive impact on the physical health and mental health of the elderly,and in terms of heterogeneous effects,participation in physical exercise has a more obvious effect on the physiological health of the elderly with chronic diseases and the elderly living alone.This research provides a relatively complete explanation for understanding the well-being of the elderly,and provides evidence that sports participation can promote the physical health and quality of life of the elderly,which is of great significance for the elderly to better improve their subjective well-being.