基于4R模式的阶段式康复护理对精神分裂症患者的影响

Effect of Phased Rehabilitation Care based on the 4R Model in Patients with Schizophrenia

目的:探讨基于4R模式(认知、情感、行为、关系)的阶段式康复护理对精神分裂症患者应对方式、人格特质和家庭负担的影响。方法:选取2019年1月1日~2020年12月31日在精神科住院治疗的精神分裂症患者120例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组各60例,对照组接受常规护理,观察组实施基于4R模式的阶段式康复护理,两组均持续干预12个月;比较两组干预前后应对方式[采用应对方式问卷(WCQ)]、人格特质[采用人格特质问卷(BFI)]和家庭负担[采用家庭负担量表(FBS)]。结果:干预后,两组WCQ中积极应对方式得分高于干预前(P<0.05),消极应对方式得分低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组BFI各维度得分均优于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.01);干预后,两组FBS各维度得分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:基于4R模式的阶段式康复护理可以有效改善精神分裂症患者的应对方式和人格特质,减轻家庭负担,促进患者的社会功能恢复。

Objective:To explore the effect of phased rehabilitation care based on 4R model(cognition,emotion,behavior,relationship)on coping style,personality traits and family burden of patients with schizophrenia.Methods:120 patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized in the psychiatric department from January 1,2019 to December 31,2020 were selected.The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group by random number table method,with 60 cases in each group.The patients in the control group received routine nursing care,while the phased rehabilitation care based on 4R model was implemented in the observation group for 12 months.The coping style(WCQ),personality traits(BFI)and family burden(FBS)were compared between the two groups before and after intervention.Results:After intervention,the scores of positive coping style in WCQ were higher than those before intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of negative coping style were lower than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were better than the control group(P<0.01).The scores of BFI in all dimensions of the two groups were better after intervention than those before intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of the observation group were better than those of the control group(P<0.01).After intervention,the FBS scores of all dimensions in the two groups were lower than those before intervention(P<0.05),and those in the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion:The 4R model-based phased rehabilitation care can effectively improve the coping style and personality traits of patients with schizophrenia,reduce family burden,and promote the recovery of social function of patients.