闪蒸法原油稳定工艺方法选择与优化

The Selection and Optimization of Crude Oil Flash Process

原油稳定的主要为闪蒸法和分馏法,闪蒸法又可以在负压、微正压和正压下操作。为使原油稳定的经济效益最大化,以中东某油田原油为例,使用ASPEN HYSYS软件建立模型,对负压闪蒸、微正压闪蒸和正压闪蒸工艺流程在稳定深度、原油产量、收益方面进行计算。结果表明三种工艺生产的稳定原有产品饱和蒸气压均可以满足原油稳定的深度要求。稳定塔操作压力一定时,随着稳定塔进料温度的升高,稳定原油产品的产量、饱和蒸气压下降,不凝气和轻烃产量提高,收益下降。从能耗、收益和流程复杂度的方面分析,负压闪蒸能耗最小,原油产品产量最高、净收益最高,并且流程较短且工艺成熟。在负压闪蒸稳定塔进料温度为63℃、操作压力为-30 kPa时收益最大。

The main methods for crude oil stabilization process are flash distillation and fractionation;flash distillation can be operated under vacuum pressure,atmosphere pressure and positive pressure.In order to maximize the economic benefits,the crude oil from a certain oilfield in the Middle east is selected as example,models are established by using ASPEN HYSYS to analyze the process of three kind of flash process in terms of product specification,production rate and economics.The results indicate that the Reid vapor pressure of the stabilized crude oil products produced by these three flash distillation processes can meet the requirements for crude oil stabilization specification.When the operating pressure of the stabilizer remains constant,as the feed temperature of the stabilizer increases,the yield and saturation vapor pressure of the stabilized crude oil products decrease,while the production of non-condensable gas and light hydrocarbons product increases,which leading to a decrease in revenue.From the perspectives of energy consumption,revenue,and process complexity,vacuum pressure flash distillation exhibits the lowest energy consumption,the highest crude oil product yield,the highest net revenue,and a relatively short and mature process.Maximum revenue is achieved when the feed temperature of the negative pressure flash evaporation stabilizer is 64℃and the operating pressure is-30 kPa.