基于多介质土壤渗滤技术的养殖污水处理系统研究

Research on an Aquaculture Sewage Treatment System Based on Multi-soil Layering and Infiltration Technologies

海水养殖常见污染物主要包括总磷、悬浮物、总氮等,主要来源是养殖过程中的粪便、水生植物昆虫尸体、残存饵料和底泥等。沿海地区的海水养殖业中在排污换水时多采用将养殖尾水直接排入大海,使得有毒有害藻类、细菌病毒大量繁殖且难以控制,超出近岸海洋的环境承载力和自净能力导致海洋生态环境的破坏。该文主要根据海水养殖业污水特点和排放特征,结合工程技术性和经济性要求,基于多介质土壤渗滤技术,运用理论分析、系统设计、现场试验等研究方法,对养殖污水处理方案优化设计,以满足养殖污水的闭环处理和循环使用,提出海水养殖污水治理的建议,实现养殖污水的近零排放。

Common pollutants in mariculture mainly include total phosphorus,suspended solids,total nitrogen,etc.The main sources are manure,aquatic plant and insect carcasses,residual bait,sediment,etc.during the breeding process.In the mariculture industry in coastal areas,it is often used to discharge the aquaculture tail water directly into the sea when sewage discharge and water exchange,which makes toxic and harmful algae,bacteria and viruses multiply in large quantities and difficult to control,exceeding the environmental carrying capacity and self-purification capacity of the coastal ocean,resulting in the destruction of the marine ecological environment.Based mainly on the characteristics and discharge characteristics of mariculture sewage,according to engineering technical and economic requirements,using multi-media soil infiltration technology,and adopting theoretical analysis,system design,field tests and other research methods,this paper proposes to optimize the design of aquaculture sewage treatment plan,so as to meet the closed-loop treatment and recycling of aquaculture sewage,and puts forward suggestions on the treatment of mariculture sewage,so as to achieve near-zero discharge of aquaculture sewage.