超疏水涂层的制备、性能及应用研究进展

Recent progress in the preparation,properties and applications of superhydrophobic coatings

随着材料工程和涂料工业的发展,具有耐腐蚀、自清洁、防雾、减阻或抗结冰等性能的超疏水涂层由于能够满足不同应用领域的功能需求,越来越受到研究人员的关注。此外,通过进一步在涂层内部引入隔热、防冰、阻燃、防腐等功能填料可赋予其多功能性,极大地拓宽了超疏水涂层的应用领域。本文首先对超疏水涂层的原理进行了梳理;进一步阐述了超疏水涂层的经典润湿理论,包括杨氏模型、Wenzel模型和Cassie-Baxter模型;随后分析了超疏水涂层不同制备方法的特点,并对各方法的优缺点进行了对比;最后通过介绍掺杂功能填料的多功能超疏水涂层研究进展,指出超疏水涂层存在的主要问题,并对其发展方向进行了展望。

Superhydrophobic coatings with excellent corrosion resistance,self-cleaning,anti-fog,drag reduction,or icing resistance have been paid more and more attention due to their applications in the engineering and coatings industry.In addition,the application of superhydrophobic coatings can be greatly expanded by introducing functional fillers such as heat insulation,anti-icing,flame retardant,and anti-corrosion into the coating.In this paper,the mechanism of superhydrophobic coating is first reviewed,and the classical wetting theory of superhydrophobic coating is further described,including Young's model,Wenzel model,and Cassie-Baxter model.The characteristics of different preparation methods of superhydrophobic coatings are compared,subsequently.Finally,the main problems existing in the development of superhydrophobic coatings are pointed out by introducing the research progress of multifunctional superhydrophobic coatings,and the development direction of superhydrophobic coatings is proposed.