基于多功能插层结构的高导热碳纤维复合材料制备与表征

Preparation and characterization on carbon fiber composites with high thermal conductivity based on multifunctional intercalation structures

随着碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料在航天领域中的广泛应用,结构/功能一体化碳纤维(CF)复合材料将发挥出重要作用。本文采用功能化层间技术(Functional interlayer technology,FIT)制备了高导热沥青基碳纤维增强氰酸酯复合材料。在短切碳纤维薄膜表面电泳沉积石墨烯片(GNPs)和Al_(2)O_(3)制备薄膜材料GNPsAl_(2)O_(3)/CF作为多功能插层结构,以其取代纤维层之间的富树脂层区域。后者表现出良好的导热性能,正交铺层复合材料的面内热导率和面外热导率分别提高了123.1%和77.5%,准各向同性铺层复合材料的面内热导率和面外热导率分别提高了119.0%和50.0%。此外,多功能插层结构的加入可以阻碍裂纹的扩展,改善复合材料层间韧性。因此,多功能插层结构既能在层间形成有效的导热网络结构,改善复合材料面内和面外热导率,又能提高层间区域的增韧效率。

With the extensive application of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites in aerospace field,structure/function integrated composites will play a crucial part.In this paper,asphalt based carbon fiber(CF)reinforced cyanate ester composites with high thermal conductivity were prepared by functional interlayer technology(FIT).The film material graphene sheets(GNPs)-Al_(2)O_(3)/CF prepared by electrophoretic deposition of GNPs and Al_(2)O_(3)on the surface of the short-cut carbon fiber film was used as the functional interlayer film to replace the resin-rich layer region between the fiber layers.The in-plane thermal conductivity and through-plane thermal conductivity of orthogonal lamination composites are increased by 123.1%and 77.5%.The in-plane thermal conductivity and through-plane thermal conductivity of quasi-anisotropic lamination composites are increased by 119.0%and 50.0%,respectively.In addition,the addition of multifunctional intercalation structure can prevent the propagation of cracks and improve the interlaminar toughness of composites.Therefore,the multifunctional intercalation structure can not only form an effective thermal network structure between the layers to improve the in-plane and out-of-plane thermal conductivity of the composite,but also improve the toughening efficiency of the interlayer region.