《黄帝内经》五运六气历法模式解析

Discussion on the five-yun six-qi calendar model in Huangdi Nejing

明确《黄帝内经》五运六气的历法模式是开展《黄帝内经》运气理论验证性研究和应用性研究的根基与前提。《黄帝内经》五运六气历法以六十甲子干支表达天地气数变动节律,主要包括以干支纪日表达“天道六六之节”的年内气数变动节律和以干支纪岁表达“运气相合”之三十岁气数变动周期两层面。《黄帝内经》五运六气历法采用四分历的历法模式,属于阴阳合历。其阳历部分以365 1/4日为岁实,以“二十四气”为基本阳历结构,着重建立了“年内六步气位划分模式”,成为三阴三阳之六步客气等理论展开的主体历法框架;其阴历部分以29 499/940日为朔策,以十二朔望月为基本阴历结构,用以表达月亮的朔望周期,不直接参与六步气位起止时位的划分,而主要参与指导对五运六气实际气化状态的判断。

To clarify the five-yun six-qi calendar model is the foundation and premise of carrying out subsequent confirmatory and applied research on the Yun-Qi theory of Huangdi Neijing.The five-yun six-qi calendar in Huangdi Neijing uses60 Jia-Zi Gan-Zhi to express the changes in Qi-Shu in heaven and earth.It mainly includes two levels:the change rhythm of qi in‘Tag the Day by Gan-Zhi’to express the‘six-sixty sections of heaven’in a year,and the change cycle of qi in‘Tag the Year by Gan-Zhi’to express the‘coincidence of five-yun and six-qi’in 30 years.The five-yun six-qi calendar in Huangdi Neijing is essentially a quarter calendar,which belongs to the yin-yang calendar.The part of the solar calendar takes 365 1/4days as the year and takes the 24 solar terms as the basic solar calendar structure,based on which the‘six steps division model’is established.It has become the main calendar framework of the theory of six Ke-Qi of three-yin and three-yang.The part of the lunar calendar takes 29 499/940days as the synodic month and takes the 12 synodic months as the basic lunar calendar structure,which is used to express the synodic period.It is mainly involved in the judgment of the actual qi transformation state of five-yun and six-qi.