《圣济总录》外用药引应用规律

Study on the rules of external drug introduction in Shengji Zonglu

外用药引是入于外用药方的丸、散、膏、汤中,以贴、摩、点、揩齿、淋洗、浸、搨渍、滴灌的方式随外用药方同用。外用药引在方中占比轻,剂量小,药味少,但在协同提升整首药方药力,反佐降低药物不良反应或制约暴烈药性以及黏附患处、缓释药效方面,都直接、间接地为提高疗效发挥了不可忽视的作用。《圣济总录》所载385首外用方使用外用药引,既有单一药引使用形式,也有因治疗需要而多种药引联合使用的形式。研究外用药引的使用规律对现代临证提高外用药方功效具有重要指导及借鉴意义。

External drug introduction refers to the use of pills,powders,ointments,and soups in external prescriptions,which are applied together with the external prescription by sticking,rubbing,pointing,wiping teeth,rinsing,soaking,pad staining,and drip irrigation.The proportion of external drug introduction in the formula is light,the dosage is small,and the number is few.However,in terms of synergistically enhancing the overall efficacy of the prescription,reducing drug toxicity or side effects,or restricting violent drug properties,as well as adhering to the affected area and slow-release drug efficacy,they all directly and indirectly play an indispensable role in improving the therapeutic effect.There are 385 prescriptions for external drug introduction listed in the Shengji Zonglu,which can be used in a single form or in a combination of multiple forms due to treatment needs.Studying the usage patterns of external drug introduction has important guidance and reference significance for improving the efficacy of external prescriptions in modern clinical practice.