Wyrtki急流季节内变化研究进展

Research progress on intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet

Wyrtki急流是季风转换期出现在赤道印度洋的海表面东向急流,其产生的大量热、盐和水团纬向再分配对东印度洋甚至全球海洋热盐环流都具有重要作用.Wyrtki急流季节内变化与赤道Kelvin波相关,能够对印尼贯穿流在出流海峡的季节内变化产生影响,同时也是印度洋偶极子事件的触发因子.此外,Wyrtki急流季节内变化还能够跨时间尺度调控其季节及年际变化,使其成为热带东印度洋甚至全球气候变异的潜在重要参与者.因此,对Wyrtki急流季节内变化进行深入研究对深刻理解热带印度洋海洋环流以及印度洋海盆尺度海-气相互作用过程和机制具有重要的科学意义.本文主要对Wyrtki急流季节内变化的产生机制及其季节和年际变化特征的研究进展进行总结,并对Wyrtki季节内变化的未来研究进行展望.指出今后应借助观测、海洋环流模式和机器学习技术等多种途径来获取Wyrtki急流数据,并在此基础上进一步厘清Wyrtki急流季节内变化对于局地以及全球海洋、大气的影响,提高对热带印度洋以及全球海洋环流的认知.

Wyrtki jet is an easterly jet that occurs during the monsoon transition period in the equatorial Indian Ocean.It generates abundant zonal redistribution of heat,salt,and water masses,which plays an important role in ocean thermohaline circulation of the eastern Indian Ocean and even global ocean.The intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet is related to the equatorial Kelvin waves and has a significant impact on the intraseasonal variability of the Indonesian throughflow in the outflow straits.It is also a triggering factor for the Indian Ocean Dipole.In addition,intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet can regulate the seasonal and interannual variabilities of Wyrtki jet across time scales,making it a potential important participant in climate variation of the tropical Indian Ocean and even the global world.Therefore,conducting in-depth research on the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet is of great scientific significance for a profound understanding of the ocean circulation in tropical Indian Ocean as well as the process and mechanism of air-sea interaction in the Indian Ocean basin.This article mainly introduces the current research status of the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet,and summarizes its generation mechanism as well as its seasonal and interannual variation characteristics.On this basis,future research on the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet is prospected.We suggest that future research on the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet can be conducted from two aspects:the correlation between the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet and the Asian monsoon,and the correlation between the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet and large-scale air-sea interaction events.Furthermore,it is pointed out that in the future,various methods such as observation,ocean circulation model and machine learning technology should be used to obtain data of Wyrtki jet.Based on these data,we can further clarify the impact of the intraseasonal variability of Wyrtki jet on local and global ocean and atmosphere,thereby improving understanding of the tropical Indian Ocean and global ocean circulation.