积分噪声压制方法对比分析及应用

Comparative analysis and application of integral noise suppression methods

通过数值积分将加速度域地震数据转换为速度域地震数据会引入积分噪声,对后续资料处理产生不利影响.为此,本文首先分析了时域积分和频域积分中积分噪声产生的原因,然后结合实际地震数据,对比分析了利用不同方法压制积分噪声的效果,包括高通滤波法、多项式拟合法以及EMD类方法.此外,对各种方法在实际应用中的适用条件进行了分析,并简要论述了现场处理中利用时域积分结合EMD法将加速度域地震数据转换为速度域地震数据的合理性和经济性.成功将该技术应用于南美地区X项目中.在处理过程中,将数字节点采集的加速度域地震数据转换到速度域与模拟节点接收的速度域地震数据合并处理,改善了资料的一致性,提高了深层弱信号的信噪比,验证了该方法的有效性.

Converting acceleration-domain seismic data into velocity-domain seismic data using numerical integration introduces integration noise,which adversely impacts subsequent seismic data processing.This paper initially analyzes the reasons for integration noise in both time-domain and frequency-domain integration.It then conducts comparative analyses of various methods for suppressing integration noise,including high-pass filtering,polynomial fitting,and EMD-based methods,using real seismic data.Additionally,the paper examines the practical applicability of these methods and briefly discusses the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of using time-domain integration combined with EMD for conversion of acceleration-domain seismic data into velocity-domain seismic data in on-site processing.This technology has been successfully applied in the X project in South America.During processing,acceleration-domain seismic data collected by digital nodes were transformed into velocity-domain seismic data and merged with velocity-domain seismic data received by analog nodes,resulting in improved data consistency and an enhanced signal-to-noise ratio of the weak seismic signal from deep,thus confirming the method's effectiveness.