2022年青海省牧业地区产科接种单位乙型肝炎疫苗接种服务和产科医生乙型肝炎相关知识调查

Hepatitis B vaccination services in obstetric vaccination units and knowledge about hepatitis B among obstetricians:a cross-sectional survey in pastoral areas of Qinghai province in 2022

目的了解青海省牧业地区产科接种单位乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗(Hepatitis B vaccine,HepB)接种服务现状和产科医生乙肝相关知识。方法在青海省抽取18个牧业市/县的产科接种单位及其产科医生开展问卷调查,分析产科接种单位的人员配置和HepB接种服务指标,以及产科医生乙肝相关知晓率或评分。结果在60家产科接种单位中,44家(73.33%)接种单位拥有3名以上接种人员,59家(98.33%)实施新生儿出生24 h内首剂次HepB接种,48家(80.00%)提供免费乙肝免疫球蛋白,52家(86.67%)开展产前乙肝病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)筛查,36家(60.00%)开展HBV DNA检测。在348名产科医生中,18项乙肝相关知识知晓率在16.09%-98.85%之间,总平均得分为10.79±1.98分。结论调查地区产科接种单位基本满足新生儿HepB接种需求,但产科医生乙肝相关知识知晓率偏低;需加强产科医生乙肝相关知识培训和新生儿HepB及时接种。

Objective To explore hepatitis B vaccination services in obstetric vaccination units and knowledge about hepatitis B among obstetricians in pastoral areas of Qinghai province.Methods We selected obstetric vaccination units from 18 pastoral counties of Qinghai and their obstetricians for a questionnaire-based survey.We assessed indicators for personnel allocation and HepB vaccination services in obstetric vaccination units and rates/scores for awareness of knowledge about hepatitis B among obstetricians.Results Among 60 obstetric vaccination units,44(73.33%)had≥3 vaccination staff,59(98.33%)provided first-dose neonatal HepB within 24 hours after birth,48(80.00%)provided free hepatitis B immunoglobulin,52(86.67%)conducted screening for prenatal hepatitis B virus(HBV),and 36(60.00%)conducted testing for HBV DNA.Among 348 obstetricians,rates of awareness of 18 hepatitis B knowledge items ranged from 16.09%to 98.85%,with an average awareness score of 10.79±1.98 points.Conclusions The obstetric vaccination units in the surveyed areas can fulfill needs for neonatal HepB vaccination,but with a low level of awareness of knowledge about hepatitis B among obstetricians.We suggest enhancing knowledge training for obstetricians and timely neonatal HepB vaccination.