2004-2023年宁夏回族自治区风疹流行病学特征

Epidemiology of rubella in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,2004-2023

目的分析宁夏回族自治区风疹流行病学特征。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集宁夏2004-2023年风疹发病数据,分析风疹报告发病率特征和时空聚集性。结果2004-2023年宁夏共报告风疹8044例,年均报告发病率为6.03/10万,其中2004-2008年、2009-2013年、2014-2018年、2019-2023年分别为7.70/10万、16.29/10万、1.09/10万、0.20/10万。0-4岁、5-9岁、10-14岁、15-19岁、≥20岁年均报告发病率分别从2004-2008年的23.39/10万、30.57/10万、22.09/10万、13.45/10万、1.02/10万下降至2019-2023年的0.37/10万、0.05/10万、0.00/10万、1.29/10万、0.13/10万。时空扫描分析发现风疹发病率存在4个高发聚集区,覆盖11个县区。结论2004-2023年宁夏风疹发病呈下降趋势,以15-19岁人群为主,且存在时空聚集性;建议探索青少年和成人风疹免疫策略。

Objective To determine epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Methods We obtained data on rubella cases reported during 2004-2023 from the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System for analyses of incidence and spatial-temporal clustering.Results A total of 8044 rubella cases were reported during 2004-2023 in Ningxia,yielding an average annual incidence of 6.03 cases per 100000 population,with 7.70,16.29,1.09,and 0.20 reported in 2004-2008,2009-2013,2014-2018,and 2019-2023,respectively.Incidences per 100000 for 0-4-,5-9-,10-14-,15-19-,and≥20-year-olds decreased from 23.39,30.57,22.09,13.45,and 1.02 during 2004-2008 to 0.37,0.05,0.00,1.29,and 0.13 during 2019-2023.Spatial-temporal scanning analysis showed four high-incidence clustering areas that covered 11 counties/districts.Conclusions The incidence of rubella decreased from 2004 to 2023 in Ningxia,with highest incidences in 15-19-year-olds and in spatial-temporal clustering areas.We suggest exploring rubella immunization strategies for adolescents and adults.