2024年德州市某高校大学生人乳头瘤病毒疫苗接种相关知识和接种意愿调查

Knowledge about human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccination and willingness to receive HPV vaccine among undergraduates at a university in Dezhou city

目的了解高校学生对人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)疫苗接种相关知识和接种意愿及其影响因素。方法在德州市某高校采用便利抽样方法选取大学生开展问卷调查,分析大学生HPV疫苗接种相关知识知晓率和知识得分合格(在满分10分中≥6分)率、HPV疫苗接种意愿率及其影响因素。结果在1327例调查对象中,知晓HPV、HPV疫苗、HPV相关疾病的比例分别为27.1%、24.5%、54.3%。10项相关知识的知晓率在33.3%-59.1%之间;知识得分合格率为27.6%,其中男、女性分别为23.4%、30.3%(χ^(2)=7.55,P=0.006),医学专业、非医学专业学生分别为33.4%、25.7%(χ^(2)=7.15,P=0.007)。调查对象HPV疫苗接种总意愿率为47.7%(633例),多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、专业、月消费水平、肿瘤家族史、性行为史、是否听说过HPV和是否听说过HPV疫苗是调查对象接种意愿的影响因素。在694例不愿意接种疫苗的调查对象中,认为疫苗不安全、认为疫苗无效、不认为自己有感染HPV风险分别占4.8%、7.1%、10.5%。结论调查地区高校学生HPV疫苗相关知识知晓率和接种意愿偏低。需加强HPV疫苗相关知识健康教育,以促进高校学生HPV疫苗接种意愿和行为。

Objective To evaluate knowledge about human papillomavirus(HPV) vaccination and willingness to receive HPV vaccine among undergraduate students and factors influencing willingness.Methods We selected a convenience sample of undergraduates from a university in Dezhou city for a questionnaire-based survey. We analyzed rates of awareness and adequate HPV vaccination knowledge scores(≥6 out of 10 points) and estimated willingness to receive HPV vaccine and factors influencing willingness.Results Among 1 327 subjects, 27.1%, 24.5%, and 54.3% heard of HPV, HPV vaccines, and HPV-related diseases, respectively. Rates for awareness of 10 knowledge items ranged from 33.3% to 59.1%. The rate for adequate knowledge scores was 27.6% overall, 23.4% among males and 30.3% among females(χ^(2)=7.55,P=0.006), and 33.4% and 25.7% for medical and non-medical students(χ^(2)=7.15,P=0.007);47.7%(633 subjects) were willing to receive HPV vaccine. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, academic major, monthly consumption level, history of family cancer, sexual behavior history, awareness of HPV, and awareness of HPV vaccine were factors influencing willingness to be vaccinated. Among 694 subjects who were not willing to receive vaccine, 4.8% were concerned about vaccine safety, 7.1% were concerned about vaccine effectiveness, and 10.5% thought they had no risk of HPV infection.Conclusions Knowledge about HPV vaccination and willingness to receive HPV vaccine were low among undergraduates in the surveyed university. We recommend health education about HPV vaccination to promote willingness to be vaccinated and enhance receipt of HPV vaccine among undergraduates.