某高校大一学生2014—2022年体质健康状况变化

Changes in physical fitness of freshmen in one university from 2014 to 2022

目的分析福建医科大学2014—2022年大一学生体质健康指标的变化趋势,为医学院校体育教学深化改革提供理论依据和参考。方法以福建医科大学2014—2022年23874名大一学生体检健康监测数据为基础,采用Pearson相关分析和线性回归分析等方法,分析9年来大一学生体质健康发展态势。结果2014—2022年间,大一男生在身高、体重、体质量指数(BMI)、肺活量方面出现上升趋势;大一女生在身高、体重、BMI、肺活量、立定跳远、坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐、800 m跑成绩存在上升趋势。从效果量d和解释率r^(2)来看,男生肺活量(d=0.60)具有中效应;女生肺活量(d=0.81)、仰卧起坐(d=1.01)具有大效应,坐位体前屈(d=0.57)具有中效应(P值均<0.01)。结论2014—2022年大一学生身体形态水平平稳提升,女生的立定跳远、坐位体前屈、仰卧起坐、800 m跑存在良好变化趋势。

Objective To analyze the trend of physical fitness of freshmen of Fujian Medical University from 2014 to 2022,so as to provide theoretical basis and reference for deepening the reform of physical education in medical colleges.Methods Based on the physical examination and health monitoring data of 23874 freshmen from Fujian Medical University during 2014 to 2022,Pearson correlation analysis and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the development trend of physical health of freshmen over the past 9 years.Results From 2014 to 2022,there was an upward trend in height,weight,body mass index(BMI),and lung capacity among firstyear male students,firstyear girls showed an upward trend in height,weight,BMI,lung capacity,standing long jump,sitting forward bending,sit ups,and 800 meter run performance.From the perspective of effect size d and explanatory rate r^(2),male lung capacity(d=0.60)showed a moderate effect,while the lung capacity(d=0.81)and sit ups(d=1.01)of female students showed a moderate effect,and sitting forward flexion(d=0.57)showed a large effect(P<0.01).Conclusions Physical form level of freshmen have steadily improved during 2014 to 2022.Female students show a more clear increasing trend in standing long jump,sitting forward bending,sit ups,and 800 meter run.