生命早期不良暴露与子代视力异常的研究进展

Research progress of adverse exposure in early life and abnormal visual acuity in offspring

近年来,儿童眼部疾病的防治已成为全球范围内广泛关注的公共卫生问题之一。由于遗传因素与环境因素均可影响子代视觉系统的形成,导致屈光不正、斜视、眼球震颤等视力异常情况出现。文章从孕期烟草暴露、微量元素暴露、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压及孕期药物滥用等方面对生命早期暴露与子代视力结局的研究进行总结,旨在阐明生命早期不良暴露与子代视力结局的影响因素及其机制,为制定更有效的儿童青少年眼部疾病防治策略提供科学依据。

In recent years,the prevention and treatment of eye diseases in children has become one of the worldwide recognized public health issues.Both genetic and environmental factors can influence the development of offspring visual systems,leading to abnormal vision acuity such as refractive errors,strabismus,and nystagmus.With the aim of elucidating the influencing factors and mechanisms of early life adverse exposures on offspring vision outcomes,the article summarizes the research on exposure in early life and visual acuity in offspring from different perspectives,including tobacco exposure during pregnancy,exposure to microelements,gestational diabetes,gestational hypertension,and drug abuse during pregnancy,so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of more effective strategies to prevent and control eye diseases in children and adolescents.