内蒙古大中学生吸烟现状及相关因素分析

Smoking behavior and associated factors among college and middle school students from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

目的了解内蒙古大中学生吸烟现状及相关因素,为开展有针对性的控烟干预提供技术依据。方法于2023年9月在内蒙古自治区12个盟市、103个旗县(市、区),采用分层随机整群抽样的方式抽取93647名大中学生进行问卷调查,采用χ^(2)检验和二分类Logistic回归分析探讨大中学生吸烟现状及其相关因素。结果大中学生尝试吸烟率为10.2%,现在吸烟率为4.4%。二分类Logistic回归模型显示,高中、职高、大学、男生、非稳定家庭、住校、在家中看到有人抽烟、在学校看到有人抽烟、在公共场所看到有人抽烟、饮酒、为了高兴吸入可溶性溶剂、除咳嗽外使用止咳剂、无医生许可使用镇静药、被家长打骂、遭受校园欺凌、网络成瘾、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、低自尊的学生更可能尝试吸烟和现在吸烟(尝试吸烟:OR值分别为1.38,2.59,1.75,3.24,1.18,1.43,1.25,1.43,1.43,0.79,9.18,1.42,1.17,1.65,1.52,1.31,1.58,1.41,1.11,1.17;现在吸烟:OR值分别为1.61,4.76,3.76,4.45,1.17,1.44,1.27,1.58,1.69,0.68,7.99,1.64,1.12,2.31,1.48,1.37,1.26,1.31,1.35,P值均<0.05)。父、母学历为高中以上,天天吃早餐的青少年尝试吸烟、现在吸烟的发生风险相对较低(OR值分别为0.78,0.83,0.79;0.84,0.78,0.68,P值均<0.05)。结论内蒙古大中学生吸烟行为在学校环境中表现出明显的聚集性,其影响因素包括人口学特征、二手烟暴露、日常行为及物质滥用、心理行为等多个方面。学校、家庭、社会应共同努力营造无烟环境,保护青少年远离烟草危害。

Objective To understand smoking behavior and related factors among college and middle school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,so as to provide a technical basis for targeted tobacco control interventions.Methods In September 2023,a total of 93647 students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were randomly selected by stratified cluster sampling from 12 league cities and 103 banner counties(cities districts)to conduct a questionnaire survey.The χ^(2) test and binary Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the current situation of adolescent smoking and its related factors.Results The prevalence of college and middle school students who tried smoking was 10.2%,and the prevalence of current smokers was 4.4%.The binary Logistic regression model showed that students in high school,vocational high school,university,males,those from unstable family,boarders,individuals who sew someone smoking at home,at school,in public places,drinking alcohol,inhaling volatile solvents for pleasure,using cough suppressant except for coughing,using sedative without a doctor's permission,being scolded by parents,experiencing school bullying,being addicted to the Internet,having depressive symptoms,anxiety symptoms,and low self-esteem were more likely to attempt smoking and currently smoke(attempt smoking:OR=1.38,2.59,1.75,3.24,1.18,1.43,1.25,1.43,1.43,0.79,9.18,1.42,1.17,1.65,1.52,1.31,1.58,1.41,1.11,1.17;current smoking:OR=1.61,4.76,3.76,4.45,1.17,1.44,1.27,1.58,1.69,0.68,7.99,1.64,1.12,2.31,1.48,1.37,1.26,1.31,1.35,P<0.05).Teenagers with parents who had graduated from high school and eat breakfast every day had a relatively low risk of trying and current smoking(OR=0.78,0.83,0.79,0.84,0.78,0.68,P<0.05).Conclusions Adolescent smoking behaviours in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region exhibit obvious clustering pattern in the school setting.Associated factors includes demographic characteristics,secondhand smoke exposure,daily behaviours and substance abuse,and psychological behaviours.Schools,families and society should work together to create a smoke-free environment to protect adolescents from the harms of tobacco.