蒙古语摹拟词的语音构造

Phonetic Characteristics of MongolianIdeophones

摹拟词是特殊的音义结合体,包括拟声词和拟态词。蒙古语拟声词和拟态词在内部结构上表现出不同特点,且受语音系统的制约。音节构造上,拟声词倾向于使用简单形式、拟态词倾向于复杂形式。蒙古语之所以有丰富的摹拟词,主要源于一种构词又能构形的词末辅音。词末辅音与重叠、语音变化手段相结合,造成数量庞大的蒙古语摹拟词系统。蒙古语摹拟词语音构造具有跨语言的共性和个性特点。

There is an iconic relationship between the form and meaning of ideophones,including onomatopoeic words and imitative words.Onomatopoeia and imitative words have different characteristics in internal structure in Mongolian,and they are all restricted by the phonetic system.In syllable structure,onomatopoeia tends to use simple form,while imitative words tends to use complex form.A certain number of phonemes must be arranged to imitate complex states.The reason why there are abundant ideophones in Mongolian mainly comes from a kind of final consonant.The combination of consonants at the end of a word with overlapping and phonetic changes results in a large number of ideophones in Mongolian.The phonetic construction of Mongolian ideophone has the characteristics of commonness and individuality cross language.