食品保鲜中微生物控制存在的问题及对策

Problems and Countermeasures of Microbial Control in Food Preservation

食品保鲜过程中微生物控制的有效性直接关系着食品的品质安全,然而当前食品微生物控制仍面临诸多挑战。本文在系统梳理食品保鲜中微生物控制影响因素的基础上,重点分析低温贮藏条件下微生物适应性进化、化学保鲜剂使用不当诱导耐药性、包装技术缺陷导致交叉污染等关键问题,并从优化低温贮藏工艺、合理选用化学保鲜剂、改进包装无菌控制等方面提出针对性的微生物控制策略,为提升食品保鲜品质安全提供参考。

The effectiveness of microbial control during food preservation directly affects the quality and safety of food products.However,microbial control in food preservation still faces numerous challenges.This paper,based on a systematic review of factors influencing microbial growth in food preservation,focuses on analyzing key issues such as microbial adaptive evolution under low-temperature storage conditions,induction of resistance due to improper use of chemical preservatives,and cross-contamination caused by packaging technology defects.It proposes targeted microbial control strategies,including optimizing low-temperature storage processes,judicious selection of chemical preservatives,and improving packaging sterilization control,to provide insights for enhancing the quality and safety of food preservation.