劳动生产率与社会生产规模对利润引致需求的作用——马克思经济理论视阈下的函数与分析

The Effect of Labor Productivity and Social Production Scale on Profit-induced Demand Functions:Analysis from the Perspective of Marx’s Economic Theory

以马克思经济理论为基础,分析劳动生产率和社会生产规模对利润引致需求的作用、数量关系及其本质所在,社会生产规模可以用劳动者人数和资本数量两个方面来衡量。当劳动生产率提高和资本数量扩张时,利润引致需求不一定增长;如果资本有机构成的增长率高于劳动生产率和资本数量的增长率时,利润引致需求会下降,这就是经济增长中的总需求下降或总需求不足加剧现象。预期的不稳定性和投资在形成市场供给和需求上的时间差,会导致利润引致需求具有内在的不稳定性,从而导致宏观经济内在的不稳定性和周期性。在宏观经济政策制定中,特别关注这两点,具有至关重要的意义。在马克思经济理论基础上构建利润引致需求函数关系及其数量分析,并由此出发解决宏观经济运行中的现实问题,也证明了马克思主义理论的生命力。

Based on Marx’s economic theory,this paper analyzes the effect,quantitative relationship and essence of labor productivity and social production scale on profit-induced demand.The scale of social production can be measured by the number of workers and the number of capital.This paper points out that when labor productivity increases and capital quantity expands,profit-induced demand does not necessarily increase.If the growth rate of organic composition of capital is higher than the growth rate of labor productivity and capital quantity,profit-induced demand will decline.This is the decline in aggregate demand or the intensification of aggregate demand shortage in economic growth.The instability of expectations and the time difference between investment in the formation of market supply and demand will lead to the inherent instability of demand caused by profits,which will lead to the inherent instability and periodicity of the macro economy.It is of great significance to pay special attention to these two points in macroeconomic policy formulation.On the basis of Marx’s economic theory,the relationship between profit-induced demand function and its quantitative analysis are constructed,and the practical problems in macroeconomic operation are solved,which also proves the vitality of Marx’s theory.