高密度城市中心区气候图研究——以深圳龙华区为例

High-density Urban Center Climate Mapping Research:Shenzhen Longhua District as an Example

城市化进程加速催生了许多高密度城市及建筑群,对城市气候造成了许多如热岛效应和城市洪涝灾害等不利影响。面对日益严重的城市气候问题,科学、准确地评估城市气候影响因素并提出相应的规划改善对策,对促进可持续城市发展至关重要。本文选择具有高密度特征的深圳龙华区,基于ArcGIS空间分析方法,整合现状气候信息展开研究。以城市热岛及通风问题,将热负荷因子和通风潜力因子空间叠加构建城市气候图。报告发现龙华区气候状况亟待改善,并根据影响程度按1~7级分类,提出“三区两廊多核心”的气候规划优化结构。此外,从绿地系统、开敞空间及水系规划中提出具体规划建议。本文从城市规划视角分析了龙华区热岛效应和通风问题的成因,给出相应的保护和规划对策,具有一定的实践意义。为龙华区以及其他高密度建成区提供气候规划参照,对创造良好的人居环境、促进城市可持续发展具有重要意义。

Accelerated urbanization has given rise to many high-density cities and building complexes,which have many negative impacts on the urban climate,such as the heat island effect and urban flooding.In the face of increas-ingly serious urban climate problems,scientific and accu-rate assessment of urban climate influencing factors and corresponding planning and improvement countermeasures are essential to promote sustainable urban development.In this paper,Longhua District,Shenzhen,which is char-acterized by high density,is studied based on the spatial analysis method of ArcGIS and the integration of the cur-rent climate information.Taking the urban heat island and ventilation problems,the heat load factor and ventilation potential factor are spatially superimposed to construct an urban climate map.The report finds that the climate situa-tion in Longhua District is in urgent need of improvement,and proposes a climate planning optimization structure of“three districts,two corridors,and multiple cores”based on the degree of influence classified by level 1-7.In addition,specific planning suggestions are made from green space system,open space and water system planning.This pa-per analyzes the causes of heat island effect and ventilation problems in Longhua District from the perspective of urban planning,and gives corresponding countermeasures for protection and planning,which is of practical significance.It provides climate planning references for Longhua District and other high-density built-up areas,which is of great sig-nificance for creating a good living environment and pro-moting sustainable urban development.