粮食安全背景下政府主推技术有效扩散的驱动因素分析:以再生稻为例

Research on the drivers of effective diffusion of governmentpromoted technologies in the context of food security:Taking the ratoon rice as an example

为探究粮食安全背景下政府主推技术有效扩散的驱动因素,以政府近年来高度重视的再生稻种植技术为例,基于农户调研数据,运用可以纠正自选择偏误的多元内生转换回归模型进行检验。结果表明:第一,行政引导对再生稻种植技术的有效扩散发挥了显著作用。户主为村干部、农户所在村镇有再生稻种植示范基地均显著提升了农户采纳再生稻种植技术的概率。第二,经济利益是驱动农户采纳再生稻种植技术的重要影响因素。销售价格预期对于农户采纳再生稻种植技术具有显著的正向影响,同时,经济效应分析验证了农户种植再生稻比其种植单季稻时单位面积净收入提升25.81%,且不会影响农户的非农生产活动。最后根据研究结论提出以下对策建议以促进政府主推技术的扩散实现稳定发展:首先,构建有效的行政引导机制调动各级农业推广机构的积极性,合理规划并重视政府主推技术示范基地的搭建;其次,在作技术推广决策时应将主推技术为农户带来的经济效益纳入考量,且不能影响农户非农收入。

To explore the driving factors for the effective diffusion of the government-promoted technology under the background of food security,taking the ratoon rice that the government attaches great importance to in recent years as an example,this study applies a multivariate endogenous switching regression model that can correct for self-selection bias for testing.The results showed that:Firstly,the administrative guidance played a significant role in the effective diffusion of ratoon rice planting technology.The probability of farmers adopting the technology for planting ratoon rice is significantly increased when the household heads are village cadres and the villages where farmers reside have demonstration bases for ratoon rice planting.Secondly,the economic benefit is an important influence factor driving farmers to adopt ratoon rice planting technology.The sales price expectation has a significant positive effect on farmers’adoption of ratoon rice planting technology,and the economic effect analysis verifies that farmers’net income per mu will be increased by 25.81%when planting ratoon rice than planting single-season rice,and it will not affect farmers’non-farm production activities.Finally,based on the findings of the study,the following countermeasures are proposed to promote the diffusion of government-promoted technologies to achieve stable development:1)Building an effective administrative guidance mechanism to mobilize the enthusiasm of agricultural extension agencies,and reasonably planning and paying attention to the construction of demonstration bases for government-promoted technologies;2)When making decisions on technology diffusion,the economic benefits brought by the technology promotion to the farmers should be taken into consideration,and should not affect the non-agricultural income of the farmers.